Full Text
Department of Information Technology CNK-EX-0600 401 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600 Seattle, WA 98104 [PHONE REDACTED] Fax [PHONE REDACTED] TTY Relay: 711 King County PSERN – Education Hill Site Justification Letter Page 1 of 6 November 21, 2016 Redmond Planning Department 15670 NE 85th Street Redmond, WA 98052 Re: King County PSERN – Education Hill – Site Justification Letter Dear City of Redmond: This letter is being submitted to the City of Redmond to address the following: Siting Standards and Siting Hierarchy per the City of Redmond Zoning Code (RZC) Section 21.56.030(B) Special Exception Decision Criteria #1 Project Overview King County is in the process of updating and expanding its regional emergency communications system called Puget Sound Emergency Radio Network (PSERN). The PSERN Levy, in 2015, was supported by over 65% of King County voters and will improve public safety communications throughout King County. This system enables 9-1-1 dispatchers to send help during an emergency as well as help emergency responders coordinate response efforts to an emergency. The current emergency radio system is more than 20 years old and is needs to be upgraded to ensure reliability. King County PSERN has proposed to install an emergency communications facility behind the water tanks in the Education Hill neighborhood at the public works property located at 10365 172nd Ave. NE, Redmond, WA. PSERN is proposing this site to provide critical emergency radio communications in the greater Redmond area. The proposal consists of constructing a tower to a height one hundred seventy feet (170’) to effectively transmit and receive emergency radio communications and the installation of a communications building and associated equipment. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- King County PSERN – Education Hill Site Justification Letter Page 2 of 6 Communication Objectives The proposed facility has been located and designed to provide the best possible emergency radio coverage to a large portion of Redmond and surrounding communities. This area is underserved by the current emergency radio network and is a known hazard to our first responders. The height and location of the proposed tower have been maximized to provide microwave links to both Norway Hill and Tolt Reservoir sites in the network. The Emergency Radio Network uses redundant microwave as the primary means of communication as microwave links are the most reliable means of communication after a major disaster: roads can buckle or break, causing fiber or other terrestrial communication to fail, but will not affect microwave; which, worse case, simply needs to be realigned to restore communication. The proposed site design will achieve both the microwave links needed and the much needed radio coverage. Please see the attached “PSERN Proposed Sites – Education Hill – ED (Proposed Location)” propagation map. The propagation map depicts the emergency radio coverage that will obtained by the proposed Education Hill site. Additionally, the enclosed microwave path survey reports for “Education Hill to Norway Hill” and “Tolt Reservoir to Education Hill” shows that 170’ is necessary to achieve the needed microwave links due to existing trees and area topography. The enclosed “PSERN Proposed Sites - Education Hill (ED)” shows the proposed site in relation to the Norway Hill and Tolt Reservoir sites. Alternative Sites Reviewed The subject property (Education Hill – Water Tank) is zoned R-6. This entire area of the City of Redmond is zoned residential. The nearest non-residential zones are the Urban Recreation (UR) and Manufacturing Park (MP) zones to the west approximately 1 mile. Sitting on top of Education Hill, this site is unique in its’ location to provide the best possible emergency radio coverage to the surrounding community and to provide clear line of site to adjacent emergency radio network sites. Locating the site off of the hill would impede the coverage. The hill itself would shadow the coverage of the emergency radio system. Additionally, the subject property already accommodates some existing emergency antennas on the water tanks. The proposed tower would be an expansion of the existing use on the property. The following alternative locations and/or designs were reviewed (see below maps): ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- King County PSERN – Education Hill Site Justification Letter Page 3 of 6 Aerial Map Showing Alternatives Reviewed and Locations The below map shows the subject site (red star) and alternative sites reviewed (letters corresponded with the below more detailed site information): ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- King County PSERN – Education Hill Site Justification Letter Page 4 of 6 A. Education Hill - Water Tanks 10365 172nd Avenue NE Zoning: R-6 The existing water tanks (85’) do not have sufficient height to make necessary microwave links to the adjacent sites. Please see the enclosed microwave path survey reports for “Education Hill to Norway Hill” and “Tolt Reservoir to Education Hill” for more detailed information. B. Redmond Station 17 16917 NE 116th Street Zoning: R-4 A tower of equal height as the proposed for the Education Hill site would be required and it was determined that the proposed site is more appropriate: it is an existing communications site and the property is large enough to provide adequate screening. C. Rose Hill AM Towers 7623 127th Place NE (City of Kirkland) Zoning: Single Family Residential (RSX 7.2) The area is slated for development by others and the owners are not interested in additional communications development. Additionally, the location did not provide adequate radio coverage. D. Puget Sound Energy (PSE) Substation 13635 NE 80th Street Zoning: R-4 The PSE location did not provide adequate radio coverage. Please see the attached “PSERN Proposed Sites - Puget Sound Energy - PSE Site (alternate location)” propagation map. The propagation map illustrates that locating the proposed tower at this site location would cause significant gaps in emergency radio coverage. E. Bridle Trails Shopping Center 6625 132nd Avenue NE (City of Kirkland) Zoning: Commercial Mixed Use – Community Business (BCX) The E. Bridle Trails Shopping Center location did not provide adequate radio coverage. Please see the attached “PSERN Proposed Sites - Bridle Trails Shopping Center - BTSC Site (alternate location)” propagation map. The propagation map ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- King County PSERN – Education Hill Site Justification Letter Page 5 of 6 illustrates that locating the proposed tower at this site location would cause significant gaps in emergency radio coverage. F. Redmond High School Stadium 17272 NE 104th Street Zoning: R-6 A tower of equal height as proposed would be required and it was determined that the proposed site is more appropriate for the following reasons: it is an existing communications site, it’s not a school and the property is large enough to provide adequate screening. G. Hartman Park 17300 NE 104th Street Zoning: R-6 A tower of equal height as proposed would be required and it was determined that the proposed site is more appropriate for the following reasons: it is an existing communications site and it’s not a public park. H. Nike Neighborhood Park 17207 NE 92nd Street Zoning: R-5 A tower of equal height as proposed would be required and it was determined that the proposed site is more appropriate: it is an existing communications site and it’s not a public park. Height Justification The proposed tower height is necessary in order to achieve the critical microwave paths to Norway Hill and Tolt Reservoir. Please see the enclosed microwave path survey reports for “Education Hill to Norway Hill” and “Tolt Reservoir to Education Hill” for more detailed information. Microwave communications is not strictly line of site, near line of site obstructions (in the Fresnel zone) affect the performance of the link. Further, the system is being engineered to perform for a 20-year life span. All of these factors taken together drive the 170’ tower height. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Microwave Path Survey Report Motorola PSERN Education Hill – Norway Hill NA130703‐48393 Release 1.0 March 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Issue Releases Issue Number Issue Release Date Changes Preparer 1.0 March 2016 Initial Release Justin Lowendick ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL 4 SITE INFORMATION ‐ EDUCATION 7 SITE INFORMATION ‐ NORWAY HILL 12 PATH INFORMATION 17 TERMS AND CONDITIONS 21 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS GENERAL STATEMENT OF WORK The following report summarizes the results of a microwave path survey conducted by Aviat Networks, Santa Clara, California, for Motorola - PSERN. Field survey work was performed on February 22nd-March 3rd, 2016, by Justin Lowendick. The survey was undertaken to verify site locations and determine antenna sizes and centerlines required to establish a microwave communications system in conformance with customer requirements and current engineering practices. SURVEY PROCEDURES Preliminary path profiles will be drawn based on the supplied site coordinates and contour information extracted from the best available topographic mapping. A field site survey will be conducted to verify site coordinates and elevations based on North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) and gather information related to the proposed radio equipment and antenna locations, site access, and site development constraints. A field path survey will be conducted to verify path profile elevations, measure all natural and manmade potential obstructions and assess the reflective potential of all natural and manmade surfaces. Antenna centerline heights will be calculated for the proposed frequency band by applying suitable clearance criteria based on the propagation characteristics of the geographic area. Path calculation sheets will then be generated for each hop, based upon the recommended centerline heights. Antenna sizes and the choice of propagation protection diversity will be chosen to meet the required fade margin and the desired path propagation reliability. Propagation outage and reliability calculations will be based on the Vigants model (ref. “Space Diversity Engineering”, BSTJ, 1/75). DESIGN CRITERIA Path clearance criteria must be established for each path on the basis of total system performance objectives, economic considerations, and careful analysis of local atmospheric conditions derived from published climatological data, where available, and reported microwave transmission experience pertinent to the area. Antenna heights much greater than actually needed cause an unwarranted increase in system cost, and on paths with significant ground reflections, it can increase the exposure to multipath and ground reflection signal fading. It is desirable to locate the antennas high enough so that even under severe super-standard atmospheric refractive conditions (surface ducting) there is adequate clearance such that signal entrapment does not significantly degrade the fade margin of the path or generate excessive multipath fade activity. The choice of clearance criteria for a microwave path is a balance between cost and performance. The path clearance criterion as applied to a given geographic area is a function of the degree and direction of atmospheric beam bending and can conveniently be defined by the equivalent earth radius K factor: Radius s Earth Actual Radius s Earth Effective K ' ' The Median Propagation value of K = 4/3 allows the normal microwave horizon to be extended when compared to the optical horizon; however, under certain meteorological conditions (for example, during nighttime super-refractivity usually associated with temperature inversions) the value of K increases to 2 or greater for periods of several minutes to several hours. This increases the path clearance and results in the heavy multipath fade activity seen on some reflective paths and antenna decoupling power fading on others. CLEARANCE CRITERIA The criteria used to design a radio path in regions where the X-factor is equal to or less than 1: Main to Main: o 100% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3, or o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=1, whichever is greater ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Main to Diversity: o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3 (Not Applicable) The criteria used to design a radio path in regions where the X-factor is greater than 1: Main to Main: o 100% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3, or o 30% first Fresnel zone radius over K=2/3, whichever is greater Main to Diversity: o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3 (Not Applicable) MICROWAVE PATH PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS AND WARRANTIES The microwave path design models most frequently employed within the industry Vigants, and ITU PN-530) provide a reasonably accurate (and therefore usually guaranteed) estimate of the cumulative time a path will be out of service due to random atmospheric multipath fading under normal atmospheric conditions. These models do not (and cannot) accommodate abnormal, unusual, anomalous, or otherwise unpredictable conditions of weather or atmospheric refractivity. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY ENGINEERING / INTER-SYSTEM INTERFERENCE ANALYSIS Aviat Networks will partner with Comsearch, a CommScope company, to provide cost-effective frequency planning and FCC licensing services for radio communications systems (if required). The planning software used, considers specific operating parameters of both the proposed microwave system and the environment microwave systems (license and proposed) to properly consider the interference potential of the new path or system. Parameters and data elements incorporated into the modeling include, but are not limited to, antenna type, antenna height, elevation, antenna radiation pattern, receiver filter performance, terrain, radio modulation, path orientation, receiver threshold, etc. These elements are required to accurately predict specific interfering levels into and from the existing microwave systems. The accuracy of the calculations is ensured by “real time” maintenance of the Comsearch point-to-point microwave, earth station, radio equipment, antenna, interference objective, and contact database. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY SELECTION The interference analysis performed on the microwave system identifies available frequencies considering existing and proposed systems found in the Comsearch database. When applicable, an analysis of the systems in the adjacent bands can be done to ensure the microwave system does not receive unwanted threshold degradation. In bands shared with satellite systems, an analysis of potential interference with earth stations and with the geo-stationary satellite orbit can also be done. Additionally, co-located or nearby transmitters already licensed in the required frequency band can be identified in order to reduce the possibility of “bucking” an existing high/low frequency plan that could increase the possibility of receiver overload or reflective interference from a nearby system. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY COORDINATION AND FCC LICENSING The majority of microwave bands subject to FCC Rule Part 101 require prior coordination with existing licensees. Aviat Networks will partner with Comsearch to perform the frequency coordination and FCC licensing on behalf of the customer (if required). The procedure will include notification of the technical parameters of the proposed system to all existing and proposed licensees in the area and frequency band of operation. Frequency coordination will also be performed with Canadian and Mexican authorities in border areas when necessary. By FCC rule, recipients are given 30 days to respond, or in some cases an expedited response can be requested. Upon completion of the prior coordination process, documentation required to satisfy FCC Rule Part 101.103 can be prepared on behalf of the customer. This will include any necessary exhibits, including Supplemental Showings required upon submittal of the requested license application. The FCC filing process includes: Filing of the FCC Form 601 microwave application upon written approval from the customer and providing an electronic copy of the application to the customer via email. Tracking the status of the application until the license is granted by the FCC. Amendments will be handled expeditiously on behalf of the customer for any questions or concerns from the Commission. Email notifications to the licensee when the license is granted by the FCC. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Filing of the required “Completion of Construction” notification with the FCC upon written approval from the licensee and notification of the filing via email. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS On all microwave radio paths traversing urban areas there exists the possibility of multiple on- and off-path structural reflections which generate long-delayed echoes, as well as “terrain scatter” RF intra- and inter-system interference. Long delayed, low-level echoes have no effect on digital radio performance; however, the terrain scatter mechanism cannot be accurately predicted nor precisely measured without an extensive and expensive field trial. Consequently, this mechanism is specifically excluded from all current industry-wide path survey and frequency coordination performance guarantees. The structure supporting the microwave antenna can take many forms. The antenna is most often mounted on a tower, but can be mounted on a variety of structures such as roof tripods, penthouse wall, wooden telephone pole or metal monopole. It is recommended that the customer or end user conduct a structural analysis of the support structure to determine if the structure will support the additional loading imposed by the antenna and its mount. The structure must also meet the twist and sway requirements per EIA/ANSI 222G. Certain geographic areas / frequency bands are restricted due to Radio Astronomy use or DOD and other Government top-secret installations. Even outside the absolute exclusion zone, there are areas where 18 GHz can be cleared by DOD. Coordinators must file applications and wait for the FCC to contact NTIA and NTIA to contact IRAC to analyze these before FCC licenses are granted. If the application is rejected, the proposed microwave link could be subject to redesign with another frequency band. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE INFORMATION – Education Hill SITE DESCRIPTION Note: Site coordinates are verified by referencing the tower location to landmarks and reference points that are depicted on the USGS 7 ½ minute topo maps for the area. GPS readings may also be used to supplement the USGS topo data. Field verified ground elevations and/or site coordinates may differ from frequency coordinated/FCC licenses values. This is due to matching of existing ASR/FCC licenses where applicable. Field Verified Site Coordinates, NAD 83 ASR, NAD 83 FCC Licensed Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 ″N º ‘ ″N º ‘ ″N 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 ″W º ‘ ″W º ‘ ″W Elev: 396 ft Elev: ft m Elev: ft m Street Address: 10365 172nd Ave NE Tower Registration Number: N/A City: Redmond Call Sign: N/A County: King State: Washington Tower Considerations: Tower Structure: Existing New Tower Type: Guyed Self Supporting Monopole Rooftop Water tank Other: The location was a greenfield site at the time of survey. There is a proposed tower and shelter. Antenna Mounting Considerations for each path: Path to Norway Hill: The proposed main antenna will be installed at 170 ft on the northwestern leg of the tower. o Centerline: 170 feet o Azimuth: 312.03º o Tilt Angle: +0.00º Transmission Line Considerations for each path: Path to Norway Hill: An estimated 220 feet of waveguide is required from the main antenna to the radio in the proposed equipment shelter. Cable Ladder: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Cable Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Ice Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Entry Ports: Use Existing New Entry Port Required Ground Bus Bar: Use Existing New Bus Bar Required Site Access Considerations: The site is located off of a paved road. A four wheel drive vehicle is not required, contact PSERN with advanced notice for site access. Customer Supplied Site Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.73 ″N 122 º 06 ‘ 40.09 ″W Elev: 396 ft ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE PHOTOS View of the Proposed Education Hill Tower Location ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Education Hill ‐ View of the Azimuth facing Norway Hill A 170 foot centerline would be required at Education Hill facing Norway Hill due to the tall trees and an increase in ground elevation in the nearfield. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS MAP EXTRACTS Education Hill NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 “N State: Washington 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 “W County: King Elev: 396 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO NORWAY HILL ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Education Hill NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 “N State: Washington 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 “W County: King Elev: 396 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO TOLT RESERVOIR ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE INFORMATION – Norway Hill SITE DESCRIPTION Note: Site coordinates are verified by referencing the tower location to landmarks and reference points that are depicted on the USGS 7 ½ minute topo maps for the area. GPS readings may also be used to supplement the USGS topo data. Field verified ground elevations and/or site coordinates may differ from frequency coordinated/FCC licenses values. This is due to matching of existing ASR/FCC licenses where applicable. Field Verified Site Coordinates, NAD 83 ASR, NAD 83 FCC Licensed Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 44 ‘ 47.1 ″N º ‘ ″N º ‘ ″N 122 º 12 ‘ 05.0 ″W º ‘ ″W º ‘ ″W Elev: 456 ft Elev: ft m Elev: ft m Street Address: 16200 104th Avenue NE Tower Registration Number: N/A City: Bothell Call Sign: N/A County: King State: Washington Tower Considerations: Tower Structure: Existing New Tower Type: Guyed Self Supporting Monopole Rooftop Water tank Other: The location was a greenfield site at the time of survey. There is a proposed tower and shelter. Antenna Mounting Considerations for each path: Path to Education Hill: The proposed main antenna will be installed at 125 ft on the southeastern leg of the tower. o Centerline: 125 feet o Azimuth: 131.96º o Tilt Angle: -0.06º Transmission Line Considerations for each path: Path to Education Hill: An estimated 175 feet of waveguide is required from the main antenna to the radio in the proposed equipment shelter. Cable Ladder: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Cable Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Ice Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Entry Ports: Use Existing New Entry Port Required Ground Bus Bar: Use Existing New Bus Bar Required Site Access Considerations: The site is located along a paved road and a four wheel drive vehicle is not required. Contact PSERN with advanced notice for site access. Customer Supplied Site Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 44 ‘ 47.06 ″N 122 º 12 ‘ 05.01 ″W Elev: 460 ft ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE PHOTOS View of the Proposed Norway Hill Tower Location ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS View of the Azimuth facing Education Hill A centerline of 125 feet is required at Norway Hill facing Education Hill. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS MAP EXTRACTS Norway Hill NAD 83 47 º 44 ‘ 47.1 “N State: Washington 122 º 12 ‘ 05.0 “W County: King Elev: 456 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO EDUCATION HILL ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Norway Hill NAD 83 47 º 44 ‘ 47.1 “N State: Washington 122 º 12 ‘ 05.0 “W County: King Elev: 456 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO EDUCATION HILL ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS PATH INFORMATION PATH DESCRIPTIONS Education Hill to Norway Hill Path Length: 5.66 Miles Frequency Band: 11 GHz General Path Description: Both ends of the path are new sites with proposed towers. The critical points along the path are the nearfield trees at both ends of the path. The path crosses mainly residential areas with tall trees and some small businesses. The path meets the design clearance criteria. Path Climate considerations: The path is located in an area that is considered “average” for radio wave propagation. The area is considered to have an oceanic climate. Typically winters are cool and wet with summers being warm and mostly dry. Precipitation averages around 37 inches per year with the largest amount of rainfall from November to February. Snowfall is typical but heavy snows are rare except at higher elevations of the mountains and their surrounding areas. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Education Hill Norway Hill Latitude 47 41 29.70 N 47 44 47.10 N Longitude 122 06 40.10 W 122 12 05.00 W True azimuth 312.03 131.96 Vertical angle -0.00 -0.06 Elevation (ft) 396.00 456.00 Tower height (ft) 90.00 110.00 Antenna model VHLP3-11W (TR) VHLP3-11W (TR) Antenna gain (dBi) 38.40 38.40 Antenna height (ft) 170.00 125.00 TX line model EW90 EW90 TX line unit loss (dB/100 ft) 3.06 3.06 TX line length (ft) 220.00 175.00 TX line loss (dB) 6.74 5.36 Connector loss (dB) 0.39 0.39 Frequency (MHz) 11200.00 Polarization Vertical Path length (mi) 5.66 Free space loss (dB) 132.64 Atmospheric absorption loss (dB) 0.14 Net path loss (dB) 68.87 68.87 Configuration NP NP Radio model I600V3H11_40M 64Q 156Mb I600V3H11_40M 64Q 156Mb Radio file name i3h11_40m_100t i3h11_40m_100t TX power (watts) 0.63 0.63 TX power (dBm) 28.00 28.00 Emission designator 40M0D7W 40M0D7W EIRP (dBm) 59.27 60.65 RX threshold criteria 1E-6 BER 1E-6 BER RX threshold level (dBm) -73.25 -73.25 Receive signal (dBm) -40.87 -40.87 Thermal fade margin (dB) 32.38 32.38 Dispersive fade margin (dB) 51.70 51.70 Dispersive fade occurrence factor 1.00 Effective fade margin (dB) 32.33 32.33 education hill-norway hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Education Hill Norway Hill Climatic factor 1.00 Terrain roughness (ft) 137.70 C factor 0.27 Average annual temperature 43.18 Fade occurrence factor (Po) 1.362E-003 Worst month multipath availability 99.99992 99.99992 Worst month multipath unavailability (sec) 2.09 2.09 Annual multipath availability 99.99998 99.99998 Annual multipath unavailability (sec) 5.42 5.42 Polarization Vertical Rain region C-96 Temp. Maritime Rain rate (mm/hr) 164.22 Flat fade margin - rain (dB) 32.38 Rain attenuation (dB) 32.41 Annual rain availability 99.99999 Annual rain unavailability (min) 0.03 Multipath fading method - Vigants - Barnett Rain fading method - Crane education hill-norway hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Education Hill Latitude 47 41 29.70 N Longitude 122 06 40.10 W Azimuth 312.03° Elevation 396 ft ASL Antenna CL 170.0 ft AGL Norway Hill Latitude 47 44 47.10 N Longitude 122 12 05.00 W Azimuth 131.96° Elevation 456 ft ASL Antenna CL 125.0 ft AGL Frequency (MHz) = 11200.0 K = 1.33 %F1 = 60.00, 100.00 Path length (5.66 mi) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Elevation (ft) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 education hill-norway hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS TERMS AND CONDITIONS PATH ENGINEERING/ TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING When Aviat Networks performs reliability calculations or path studies (path profiles from mapping or digitized data only) based solely on information supplied by or on behalf of the Customer, these calculations and studies are provided solely for budgetary purposes and shall not be construed as or be used for an installable design. When conducting a path survey, Aviat Networks will verify site coordinates and ground elevations, and record trees and man-made fixed obstructions on the path. This information will be recorded on the profile for that particular path. Aviat Networks will assign an appropriate growth factor to tree heights. When Aviat Networks performs frequency planning based, in part, on data provided by the Customer at the time of the study, Aviat Networks will not be responsible for any interference case that arises due to errors or omissions in such data. As the usage of microwave bands increase and there is more sharing with satellite services, it may be necessary to perform frequency interference studies and additional path surveys (to determine blockage) to alleviate the possibility of interference from satellite earth stations. Warranty of Path Engineering Services Aviat Networks warrants that the installed radio communication path will conform to Customer’s multipath performance reliability objectives when Aviat Networks has performed the path survey, recommended the path design, and Aviat Networks has implemented such recommendations. This warranty is for a period of 15 months from the date of the survey or one year from the date of installation of the microwave path, whichever expires first. All Aviat Networks field activities and path propagation analysis will utilize current hardware, software, and engineering practice and judgment with the goal of meeting normal Path Loss, as defined in TIA/EIA Standard RS-252-A. Aviat Networks is not responsible for paths that it does not survey, nor for changes in path design beyond those specifically allowed in the path survey report or in writing after the field survey is completed, including but not limited to: Any change in path design; Any movement in site locations; Any building or other structure built on-path after date of survey; Any disturbance of the terrain which may cause blockage or reflection; Any additional frequency interference source; Any change of available antenna mounting space on tower. Any one or more of the changes listed on page one will nullify this warranty, and the Customer shall in such case bear the total cost of determining that such change was the cause. Aviat Networks will not be responsible for degraded path performance when such degradation is due to such anomalous propagation conditions as: Path Engineering Services Aviat Networks will perform radio path surveys and path calculations to determine the normal path loss and antenna heights as defined in TIA/EIA Standard RS-252-A ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Long-term loss of fade margin due to antenna decoupling misalignment caused by widely-varying k-factor changes; Long-term loss of fade margin due to Atmospheric Boundary Layering (“ABL”) causing wavefront defocusing (beam spreading), signal entrapment (blackout fading), ducting, and other such occurrence. Excessive rain outage rates beyond the published crane and/or chart data used in the calculation; Degradation resulting from certain types of multipath interference attributed to unidentifiable off-path terrain features or structures; Any other technological or atmospheric condition not foreseeable through the exercise of prudent engineering knowledge and judgment. Additionally, Aviat Networks will not be responsible for degraded path performance when: Non-Aviat Networks radio equipment is installed on a surveyed path; Aviat Networks radio equipment is not installed by Aviat Networks; Existing antenna and waveguide system is used without test and inspection performed by Aviat Networks. Aviat Networks designs the microwave path based upon best engineering practices and standards common to the industry, and it selects a transmission configuration based upon the most economical method for meeting the path performance objectives. When path loss or reliability objectives are not achieved, exclusive of anomalous propagation or path changes as described above, then Customer’s sole remedy, and Aviat Networks’ exclusive liability in connection with path engineering, shall be that Aviat Networks will provide incremental labor and material to optimize the antenna system beyond what would have been required during initial installation. Where anomalous propagation is suspected in an installed microwave path, Aviat Networks will work with the Customer to obtain reasonable evidence that such condition exists. The total retroactive costs for such study shall be the responsibility of the Customer with Aviat Networks providing in-office engineering support. The cost of relocating towers, antennas, passive reflectors or other measures required to remedy this type of problem shall solely be the responsibility of the Customer. Limitations The foregoing warranties are in lieu of all other warranties whether oral, written, expressed, implied, or statutory. In particular, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF A FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND MERCHANTABILITY ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED and shall not be applicable, either from Aviat Networks or any other equipment or software manufacturer. Aviat Networks’ warranty obligations and Customer’s remedies thereunder are solely and exclusively as stated herein. IN NO CASE SHALL AVIAT NETWORKS BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT KINDS OF DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, AND CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR LOSS OF CAPITAL, REVENUE, OR PROFITS. In no event shall Aviat Networks’ liability to customer, or any party claiming through Customer, be in excess of the actual sales price paid by Customer for any service supplied to Customer by Aviat Networks. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Microwave Path Survey Report Motorola PSERN Tolt Reservoir – Education Hill NA130703‐48393 Release 1.0 March 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Issue Releases Issue Number Issue Release Date Changes Preparer 1.0 March 2016 Initial Release Justin Lowendick ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL 4 SITE INFORMATION ‐ EDUCATION 7 SITE INFORMATION ‐ TOLT RESERVOIR 12 PATH INFORMATION 17 TERMS AND CONDITIONS 21 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS GENERAL STATEMENT OF WORK The following report summarizes the results of a microwave path survey conducted by Aviat Networks, Santa Clara, California, for Motorola - PSERN. Field survey work was performed on February 22nd-March 3rd, 2016, by Justin Lowendick. The survey was undertaken to verify site locations and determine antenna sizes and centerlines required to establish a microwave communications system in conformance with customer requirements and current engineering practices. SURVEY PROCEDURES Preliminary path profiles will be drawn based on the supplied site coordinates and contour information extracted from the best available topographic mapping. A field site survey will be conducted to verify site coordinates and elevations based on North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) and gather information related to the proposed radio equipment and antenna locations, site access, and site development constraints. A field path survey will be conducted to verify path profile elevations, measure all natural and manmade potential obstructions and assess the reflective potential of all natural and manmade surfaces. Antenna centerline heights will be calculated for the proposed frequency band by applying suitable clearance criteria based on the propagation characteristics of the geographic area. Path calculation sheets will then be generated for each hop, based upon the recommended centerline heights. Antenna sizes and the choice of propagation protection diversity will be chosen to meet the required fade margin and the desired path propagation reliability. Propagation outage and reliability calculations will be based on the Vigants model (ref. “Space Diversity Engineering”, BSTJ, 1/75). DESIGN CRITERIA Path clearance criteria must be established for each path on the basis of total system performance objectives, economic considerations, and careful analysis of local atmospheric conditions derived from published climatological data, where available, and reported microwave transmission experience pertinent to the area. Antenna heights much greater than actually needed cause an unwarranted increase in system cost, and on paths with significant ground reflections, it can increase the exposure to multipath and ground reflection signal fading. It is desirable to locate the antennas high enough so that even under severe super-standard atmospheric refractive conditions (surface ducting) there is adequate clearance such that signal entrapment does not significantly degrade the fade margin of the path or generate excessive multipath fade activity. The choice of clearance criteria for a microwave path is a balance between cost and performance. The path clearance criterion as applied to a given geographic area is a function of the degree and direction of atmospheric beam bending and can conveniently be defined by the equivalent earth radius K factor: Radius s Earth Actual Radius s Earth Effective K ' ' The Median Propagation value of K = 4/3 allows the normal microwave horizon to be extended when compared to the optical horizon; however, under certain meteorological conditions (for example, during nighttime super-refractivity usually associated with temperature inversions) the value of K increases to 2 or greater for periods of several minutes to several hours. This increases the path clearance and results in the heavy multipath fade activity seen on some reflective paths and antenna decoupling power fading on others. CLEARANCE CRITERIA The criteria used to design a radio path in regions where the X-factor is equal to or less than 1: Main to Main: o 100% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3, or o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=1, whichever is greater ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Main to Diversity: o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3 (Not Applicable) The criteria used to design a radio path in regions where the X-factor is greater than 1: Main to Main: o 100% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3, or o 30% first Fresnel zone radius over K=2/3, whichever is greater Main to Diversity: o 60% first Fresnel zone radius over K=4/3 (Not Applicable) MICROWAVE PATH PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS AND WARRANTIES The microwave path design models most frequently employed within the industry Vigants, and ITU PN-530) provide a reasonably accurate (and therefore usually guaranteed) estimate of the cumulative time a path will be out of service due to random atmospheric multipath fading under normal atmospheric conditions. These models do not (and cannot) accommodate abnormal, unusual, anomalous, or otherwise unpredictable conditions of weather or atmospheric refractivity. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY ENGINEERING / INTER-SYSTEM INTERFERENCE ANALYSIS Aviat Networks will partner with Comsearch, a CommScope company, to provide cost-effective frequency planning and FCC licensing services for radio communications systems (if required). The planning software used, considers specific operating parameters of both the proposed microwave system and the environment microwave systems (license and proposed) to properly consider the interference potential of the new path or system. Parameters and data elements incorporated into the modeling include, but are not limited to, antenna type, antenna height, elevation, antenna radiation pattern, receiver filter performance, terrain, radio modulation, path orientation, receiver threshold, etc. These elements are required to accurately predict specific interfering levels into and from the existing microwave systems. The accuracy of the calculations is ensured by “real time” maintenance of the Comsearch point-to-point microwave, earth station, radio equipment, antenna, interference objective, and contact database. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY SELECTION The interference analysis performed on the microwave system identifies available frequencies considering existing and proposed systems found in the Comsearch database. When applicable, an analysis of the systems in the adjacent bands can be done to ensure the microwave system does not receive unwanted threshold degradation. In bands shared with satellite systems, an analysis of potential interference with earth stations and with the geo-stationary satellite orbit can also be done. Additionally, co-located or nearby transmitters already licensed in the required frequency band can be identified in order to reduce the possibility of “bucking” an existing high/low frequency plan that could increase the possibility of receiver overload or reflective interference from a nearby system. MICROWAVE FREQUENCY COORDINATION AND FCC LICENSING The majority of microwave bands subject to FCC Rule Part 101 require prior coordination with existing licensees. Aviat Networks will partner with Comsearch to perform the frequency coordination and FCC licensing on behalf of the customer (if required). The procedure will include notification of the technical parameters of the proposed system to all existing and proposed licensees in the area and frequency band of operation. Frequency coordination will also be performed with Canadian and Mexican authorities in border areas when necessary. By FCC rule, recipients are given 30 days to respond, or in some cases an expedited response can be requested. Upon completion of the prior coordination process, documentation required to satisfy FCC Rule Part 101.103 can be prepared on behalf of the customer. This will include any necessary exhibits, including Supplemental Showings required upon submittal of the requested license application. The FCC filing process includes: Filing of the FCC Form 601 microwave application upon written approval from the customer and providing an electronic copy of the application to the customer via email. Tracking the status of the application until the license is granted by the FCC. Amendments will be handled expeditiously on behalf of the customer for any questions or concerns from the Commission. Email notifications to the licensee when the license is granted by the FCC. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Filing of the required “Completion of Construction” notification with the FCC upon written approval from the licensee and notification of the filing via email. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS On all microwave radio paths traversing urban areas there exists the possibility of multiple on- and off-path structural reflections which generate long-delayed echoes, as well as “terrain scatter” RF intra- and inter-system interference. Long delayed, low-level echoes have no effect on digital radio performance; however, the terrain scatter mechanism cannot be accurately predicted nor precisely measured without an extensive and expensive field trial. Consequently, this mechanism is specifically excluded from all current industry-wide path survey and frequency coordination performance guarantees. The structure supporting the microwave antenna can take many forms. The antenna is most often mounted on a tower, but can be mounted on a variety of structures such as roof tripods, penthouse wall, wooden telephone pole or metal monopole. It is recommended that the customer or end user conduct a structural analysis of the support structure to determine if the structure will support the additional loading imposed by the antenna and its mount. The structure must also meet the twist and sway requirements per EIA/ANSI 222G. Certain geographic areas / frequency bands are restricted due to Radio Astronomy use or DOD and other Government top-secret installations. Even outside the absolute exclusion zone, there are areas where 18 GHz can be cleared by DOD. Coordinators must file applications and wait for the FCC to contact NTIA and NTIA to contact IRAC to analyze these before FCC licenses are granted. If the application is rejected, the proposed microwave link could be subject to redesign with another frequency band. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE INFORMATION – Education Hill SITE DESCRIPTION Note: Site coordinates are verified by referencing the tower location to landmarks and reference points that are depicted on the USGS 7 ½ minute topo maps for the area. GPS readings may also be used to supplement the USGS topo data. Field verified ground elevations and/or site coordinates may differ from frequency coordinated/FCC licenses values. This is due to matching of existing ASR/FCC licenses where applicable. Field Verified Site Coordinates, NAD 83 ASR, NAD 83 FCC Licensed Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 ″N º ‘ ″N º ‘ ″N 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 ″W º ‘ ″W º ‘ ″W Elev: 396 ft Elev: ft m Elev: ft m Street Address: 10365 172nd Ave NE Tower Registration Number: N/A City: Redmond Call Sign: N/A County: King State: Washington Tower Considerations: Tower Structure: Existing New Tower Type: Guyed Self Supporting Monopole Rooftop Water tank Other: The location was a greenfield site at the time of survey. There is a proposed tower and shelter. Antenna Mounting Considerations for each path: Path to Tolt Reservoir: The proposed main antenna will be installed at 155 ft on the easternmost leg of the tower. o Centerline: 155 feet o Azimuth: 92.95º o Tilt Angle: +1.69º Transmission Line Considerations for each path: Path to Tolt Reservoir: An estimated 205 feet of waveguide is required from the main antenna to the radio in the proposed equipment shelter. Cable Ladder: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Cable Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Ice Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Entry Ports: Use Existing New Entry Port Required Ground Bus Bar: Use Existing New Bus Bar Required Site Access Considerations: The site is located off of a paved road. A four wheel drive vehicle is not required, contact PSERN with advanced notice for site access. Customer Supplied Site Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.73 ″N 122 º 06 ‘ 40.09 ″W Elev: 396 ft ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE PHOTOS View of the Proposed Education Hill Tower Location ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Education Hill ‐ View of the Azimuth facing Tolt Reservoir A centerline of 155 feet is required at Education Hill facing Tolt Reservoir. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS MAP EXTRACTS Education Hill NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 “N State: Washington 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 “W County: King Elev: 396 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO TOLT RESERVOIR ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Education Hill NAD 83 47 º 41 ‘ 29.7 “N State: Washington 122 º 06 ‘ 40.1 “W County: King Elev: 396 ft Ref Map: Bellevue North TO TOLT RESERVOIR ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE INFORMATION – Tolt Reservoir SITE DESCRIPTION Note: Site coordinates are verified by referencing the tower location to landmarks and reference points that are depicted on the USGS 7 ½ minute topo maps for the area. GPS readings may also be used to supplement the USGS topo data. Field verified ground elevations and/or site coordinates may differ from frequency coordinated/FCC licenses values. This is due to matching of existing ASR/FCC licenses where applicable. Field Verified Site Coordinates, NAD 83 ASR, NAD 83 FCC Licensed Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 40 ‘ 34.2 ″N º ‘ ″N º ‘ ″N 121 º 41 ‘ 26.6 ″W º ‘ ″W º ‘ ″W Elev: 3707 ft Elev: ft m Elev: ft m Street Address: 12 Mi NE of the City of Snoqualmie Tower Registration Number: N/A City: Deep Creek Call Sign: N/A County: King State: Washington Tower Considerations: Tower Structure: Existing New Tower Type: Guyed Self Supporting Monopole Rooftop Water tank Other: The location was a greenfield site at the time of survey. There is a proposed tower and shelter. Antenna Mounting Considerations for each path: Path to Education Hill: The proposed main antenna will be installed at 100 ft on the western leg of the tower. o Centerline: 100 feet o Azimuth: 273.26º o Tilt Angle: -1.90º Transmission Line Considerations for each path: Path to Education Hill: An estimated 150 feet of waveguide is required from the main antenna to the radio in the proposed equipment shelter. Cable Ladder: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Cable Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Ice Bridge: Use Existing Recommended Not Required Entry Ports: Use Existing New Entry Port Required Ground Bus Bar: Use Existing New Bus Bar Required Site Access Considerations: The site is located along a long dirt/gravel road and a four wheel drive vehicle is required. Contact PSERN with advanced notice for site access. Customer Supplied Site Coordinates, NAD 83 47 º 40 ‘ 34.16 ″N 121 º 41 ‘ 26.57 ″W Elev: 3707 ft ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS SITE PHOTOS View of the Proposed Tolt Reservoir Tower Location ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS View of the Azimuth facing Education Hill A centerline of 100 feet is required at Tolt Reservoir facing Education Hill. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS MAP EXTRACTS Tolt Reservoir NAD 83 47 º 40 ‘ 34.2 “N State: Washington 121 º 41 ‘ 26.6 “W County: King Elev: 3707 ft Ref Map: Devils Slide TO EDUCATION HILL ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Tolt Reservoir NAD 83 47 º 40 ‘ 34.2 “N State: Washington 121 º 41 ‘ 26.6 “W County: King Elev: 3707 ft Ref Map: Devils Slide TO EDUCATION HILL ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS PATH INFORMATION PATH DESCRIPTIONS Tolt Reservoir to Education Hill Path Length: 19.65 Miles Frequency Band: Lower 6 GHz General Path Description: Both ends of the path are new sites with proposed towers. The critical points along the path are the nearfield trees at both ends of the path. The path crosses a mixture of forest and residential areas with tall trees. The path meets the design clearance criteria. Path Climate considerations: The path is located in an area that is considered “average” for radio wave propagation. The area is considered to have an oceanic climate. Typically winters are cool and wet with summers being warm and mostly dry. Precipitation averages around 37 inches per year with the largest amount of rainfall from November to February. Snowfall is typical but heavy snows are rare except at higher elevations of the mountains and their surrounding areas. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Tolt Reservoir Education Hill Latitude 47 40 34.20 N 47 41 29.70 N Longitude 121 41 26.60 W 122 06 40.10 W True azimuth 273.26 92.95 Vertical angle -1.90 1.69 Elevation (ft) 3707.02 396.00 Tower height (ft) 150.00 90.00 Antenna model HP6-59G (TR) HP6-59G (TR) Antenna file name 2900 2900 Antenna gain (dBi) 38.90 38.90 Antenna height (ft) 100.00 155.00 TX line model EW63 EW63 TX line unit loss (dB/100 ft) 1.44 1.44 TX line length (ft) 150.00 205.00 TX line loss (dB) 2.16 2.95 Connector loss (dB) 0.27 0.27 Frequency (MHz) 6175.00 Polarization Vertical Path length (mi) 19.65 Free space loss (dB) 138.28 Atmospheric absorption loss (dB) 0.27 Net path loss (dB) 66.40 66.40 Configuration NP NP Radio model I600V3HL6_30M 128Q 154M I600V3HL6_30M 128Q 154M Radio file name i3hl6_30m_100t i3hl6_30m_100t TX power (watts) 1.41 1.41 TX power (dBm) 31.50 31.50 Emission designator 30M0D7W 30M0D7W EIRP (dBm) 67.97 67.18 RX threshold criteria 1E-6 BER 1E-6 BER RX threshold level (dBm) -72.50 -72.50 Receive signal (dBm) -34.90 -34.90 Thermal fade margin (dB) 37.60 37.60 Dispersive fade margin (dB) 47.80 47.80 Dispersive fade occurrence factor 1.00 tolt reservoir-education hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Tolt Reservoir Education Hill Effective fade margin (dB) 37.21 37.21 Climatic factor 1.00 Terrain roughness (ft) 140.00 C factor 0.26 Average annual temperature 41.25 Fade occurrence factor (Po) 3.074E-002 Worst month multipath availability 99.99942 99.99942 Worst month multipath unavailability (sec) 15.37 15.37 Annual multipath availability 99.99988 99.99988 Annual multipath unavailability (sec) 38.04 38.04 Multipath fading method - Vigants - Barnett tolt reservoir-education hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- Tolt Reservoir Latitude 47 40 34.20 N Longitude 121 41 26.60 W Azimuth 273.26° Elevation 3707 ft ASL Antenna CL 100.0 ft AGL Education Hill Latitude 47 41 29.70 N Longitude 122 06 40.10 W Azimuth 92.95° Elevation 396 ft ASL Antenna CL 155.0 ft AGL Frequency (MHz) = 6175.0 K = 1.33 %F1 = 60.00, 100.00 Path length (19.64 mi) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Elevation (ft) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 tolt reservoir-education hill.pl5 March 9, 2016 ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS TERMS AND CONDITIONS PATH ENGINEERING/ TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING When Aviat Networks performs reliability calculations or path studies (path profiles from mapping or digitized data only) based solely on information supplied by or on behalf of the Customer, these calculations and studies are provided solely for budgetary purposes and shall not be construed as or be used for an installable design. When conducting a path survey, Aviat Networks will verify site coordinates and ground elevations, and record trees and man-made fixed obstructions on the path. This information will be recorded on the profile for that particular path. Aviat Networks will assign an appropriate growth factor to tree heights. When Aviat Networks performs frequency planning based, in part, on data provided by the Customer at the time of the study, Aviat Networks will not be responsible for any interference case that arises due to errors or omissions in such data. As the usage of microwave bands increase and there is more sharing with satellite services, it may be necessary to perform frequency interference studies and additional path surveys (to determine blockage) to alleviate the possibility of interference from satellite earth stations. Warranty of Path Engineering Services Aviat Networks warrants that the installed radio communication path will conform to Customer’s multipath performance reliability objectives when Aviat Networks has performed the path survey, recommended the path design, and Aviat Networks has implemented such recommendations. This warranty is for a period of 15 months from the date of the survey or one year from the date of installation of the microwave path, whichever expires first. All Aviat Networks field activities and path propagation analysis will utilize current hardware, software, and engineering practice and judgment with the goal of meeting normal Path Loss, as defined in TIA/EIA Standard RS-252-A. Aviat Networks is not responsible for paths that it does not survey, nor for changes in path design beyond those specifically allowed in the path survey report or in writing after the field survey is completed, including but not limited to: Any change in path design; Any movement in site locations; Any building or other structure built on-path after date of survey; Any disturbance of the terrain which may cause blockage or reflection; Any additional frequency interference source; Any change of available antenna mounting space on tower. Any one or more of the changes listed on page one will nullify this warranty, and the Customer shall in such case bear the total cost of determining that such change was the cause. Aviat Networks will not be responsible for degraded path performance when such degradation is due to such anomalous propagation conditions as: Path Engineering Services Aviat Networks will perform radio path surveys and path calculations to determine the normal path loss and antenna heights as defined in TIA/EIA Standard RS-252-A ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- MICROWAVE PATH SURVEY REPORT AVIAT NETWORKS Long-term loss of fade margin due to antenna decoupling misalignment caused by widely-varying k-factor changes; Long-term loss of fade margin due to Atmospheric Boundary Layering (“ABL”) causing wavefront defocusing (beam spreading), signal entrapment (blackout fading), ducting, and other such occurrence. Excessive rain outage rates beyond the published crane and/or chart data used in the calculation; Degradation resulting from certain types of multipath interference attributed to unidentifiable off-path terrain features or structures; Any other technological or atmospheric condition not foreseeable through the exercise of prudent engineering knowledge and judgment. Additionally, Aviat Networks will not be responsible for degraded path performance when: Non-Aviat Networks radio equipment is installed on a surveyed path; Aviat Networks radio equipment is not installed by Aviat Networks; Existing antenna and waveguide system is used without test and inspection performed by Aviat Networks. Aviat Networks designs the microwave path based upon best engineering practices and standards common to the industry, and it selects a transmission configuration based upon the most economical method for meeting the path performance objectives. When path loss or reliability objectives are not achieved, exclusive of anomalous propagation or path changes as described above, then Customer’s sole remedy, and Aviat Networks’ exclusive liability in connection with path engineering, shall be that Aviat Networks will provide incremental labor and material to optimize the antenna system beyond what would have been required during initial installation. Where anomalous propagation is suspected in an installed microwave path, Aviat Networks will work with the Customer to obtain reasonable evidence that such condition exists. The total retroactive costs for such study shall be the responsibility of the Customer with Aviat Networks providing in-office engineering support. The cost of relocating towers, antennas, passive reflectors or other measures required to remedy this type of problem shall solely be the responsibility of the Customer. Limitations The foregoing warranties are in lieu of all other warranties whether oral, written, expressed, implied, or statutory. In particular, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF A FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND MERCHANTABILITY ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED and shall not be applicable, either from Aviat Networks or any other equipment or software manufacturer. Aviat Networks’ warranty obligations and Customer’s remedies thereunder are solely and exclusively as stated herein. IN NO CASE SHALL AVIAT NETWORKS BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT KINDS OF DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, AND CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR LOSS OF CAPITAL, REVENUE, OR PROFITS. In no event shall Aviat Networks’ liability to customer, or any party claiming through Customer, be in excess of the actual sales price paid by Customer for any service supplied to Customer by Aviat Networks. ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS DQG FRQWULEXWRUV&&%<6$ $UHD,QERXQG3RUWDEOHRQ6WUHHW &RYHUDJH7\SH 3RUWDEOHRQVWUHHWUDGLRZRUQRQEHOWFOLS 5HOLDELOLW\ ,QERXQG&RYHUHG$UHD 1RWH SRUWDEOH WRVLWH 0LOHV LQ PLOHV ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- 36( 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS DQG FRQWULEXWRUV&&%<6$ $UHD,QERXQG3RUWDEOHRQ6WUHHW &RYHUDJH7\SH 3RUWDEOHRQVWUHHWUDGLRZRUQRQEHOWFOLS 5HOLDELOLW\ ,QERXQG&RYHUHG$UHD 1RWH SRUWDEOHWRVLWH 6RXQG(QHUJ\ 36( VLWHRQO\ 0LOHV LQ PLOHV 36( ATTACHMENT 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- %76& 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS DQG FRQWULEXWRUV&&%<6$ $UHD,QERXQG3RUWDEOHRQ6WUHHW &RYHUDJH7\SH 3RUWDEOHRQVWUHHWUDGLRZRUQRQEHOWFOLS 5HOLDELOLW\ ,QERXQG&RYHUHG$UHD 1RWH SRUWDEOHWRVLWH %76& VLWHRQO\ 0LOHV LQ PLOHV %76& ATTACHMENT 16