Document Puyallup_doc_43a709766d

CITY OF PUYALLUP STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN PUBLIC WORKS FACILITY Prepared by Puyallup Public Works Department Puyallup, Washington January 2012 ---PAGE BREAK--- Table of Contents Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan ii F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 Background 1-1 1.2 Goals and Objectives 1-1 1.3 Limitations 1-2 2. FACILITY ASSESSMENT 2-1 2.1 Overview of Facility and Operations 2-1 2.2 Facility Drainage 2-1 2.3 Description of Maintenance Facility Activities 2-4 2.4 Inventory of Significant Materials and Chemicals 2-5 3. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 3-1 3.1 Facility BMPs 3-1 3.2 Pollution Prevention (P2) Team 3-7 3.3 Training 3-7 4. MONITORING (VISUAL INSPECTIONS) 4-1 4.1 Drainage and Outfall Characteristics 4-1 4.2 Wet and Dry Weather Visual Inspections 4-1 4.3 Annual BMP Evaluation 4-2 4.4 Revisions 4-2 5. SPILL RESPONSE 5-1 5.1 Spill Response Plan and Emergency Cleanup 5-1 5.2 Location of Spill Kits 5-1 6. RECORD-KEEPING 6-1 7. REFERENCES 7-1 APPENDIX A: REVISION FORM A APPENDIX B: BMP ACTIVITY SHEETS B APPENDIX C: VISUAL INSPECTION FORMS C APPENDIX D: ANNUAL BMP EVALUATION D APPENDIX E: SPILL RESPONSE PLAN FORM E APPENDIX F: SRP FLOW DIAGRAM F ---PAGE BREAK--- Table of Contents Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan iii F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Vicinity map 2-2 Figure 2-2. Maintenance facility map (sources: city of Puyallup GIS data and information collected in the field) 2-3 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. General Facility Activities and their Potential Effects on Stormwater 2-4 Table 2-2. Materials Exposed or Potentially Exposed to Rainfall/Runoff 2-5 Table 3-1. BMPs for Maintenance Facility Activities 3-3 Table 3-2. Pollution Prevention (P2) Team 3-7 ---PAGE BREAK--- List of Abbreviations Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan iv F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BMP best management practice CB catch basin CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CMP corrugated metal pipe CWA Clean Water Act Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ISGP Industrial Stormwater General Permit MH manhole MS4 Municipal Separate Stormwater System NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System OWS oil/water separator P2 Pollution Prevention Team Phase II Permit Department of Ecology’s Phase II Western Washington Phase II Municipal Stormwater Permit POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Works PVC polyvinyl chloride (pipe) SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act SPPM King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual SRP Spill Response Plan SWMP Stormwater Management Program Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan WSDOT Washington State Department of Transportation WSP Washington State Patrol ---PAGE BREAK--- List of Definitions Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan v F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm LIST OF DEFINITIONS The majority of the definitions below come from the Washington Department of Ecology Western Washington Phase II Municipal Stormwater Permit. Definitions not provided from the Permit were taken from other sources, including the Washington Department of Ecology Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, EPA NPDES website glossary, and the Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination, A Guidance Manual for Program Development and Technical Assessments. Best management practices (BMPs) are the schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and structural and/or managerial practices approved by the Department of Ecology (Ecology) that, when used singly or in combination, prevent or reduce the release of pollutants and other adverse impacts to waters of Washington State. Combined sewer means a sewer that has been designed to serve as a sanitary sewer and a storm sewer, and into which inflow is allowed by local ordinances. Discoloration is a means by which to characterize stormwater. Typically, stormwater is yellowish in color. However, discoloration other than turbidity can indicate whether there is rust from iron pipes or iron bacteria, as seen by a yellowish/red color, or if paint or cleaning agent emulsions have entered the stormwater system, as indicated by a white cloudy color. Erosion and sediment control BMPs are BMPs that are intended to prevent erosion and sedimentation, such as preserving natural vegetation, seeding, mulching and matting, plastic covering, and sediment traps and ponds. Erosion sediment control BMPs are synonymous with stabilization and structural BMPs. Floatables is a means by which to characterize stormwater. A floatable is used as an indicator if very obvious trash or other controllable debris, such as landscaping material, leaf litter, etc. has entered into the storm system. Foam is a means by which to characterize stormwater. Foam is used as an indicator that potentially soap or other cleaning products have entered into the storm system. However, stormwater can often be foamy from pollen and other natural organic material. The way to tell the difference is by touch and smell. If the foam is persistent and accompanied by a fragrant odor, it is probably coming from a cleaning product. If the suds break up quickly, then it is probably from turbulence and/or natural conditions. Hazardous substance: Any material that poses a threat to human health and/or the environment. Typical hazardous substances are toxic, corrosive, ignitable, explosive, or chemically reactive. Any substance designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to be reported if a designated quantity of the substance is spilled in the waters of the United States or is otherwise released into the environment. Hyperchlorinated means water that contains more than 10 mg/L chlorine. Disinfection of water mains and appurtenances requires a chlorine residual of 10 mg/L at the end of the disinfection period. This level is well above the Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level of an annual average of 4 mg/L chlorine for potable water. Illegal dumping means any intentional and non-permitted disposal of any substance other than stormwater into the municipal separate storm sewer system, unless otherwise called out as an allowed non-stormwater discharge. Illicit connection means any manmade conveyance that is connected to a municipal separate storm sewer without a permit, excluding roof drains and other similar type connections. Examples include sanitary sewer connections, floor drains, channels, pipelines, conduits, inlets, or outlets that are connected directly to the municipal separate storm sewer system. Illicit discharge means any discharge to the municipal separate storm sewer that is not composed entirely of stormwater except discharges pursuant to a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit (other than the NPDES permit for discharges from the municipal separate storm sewer) and discharges resulting from fire fighting activities. ---PAGE BREAK--- List of Definitions Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan vi F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Industrial Stormwater General Permit (ISGP) means the NPDES Industrial Stormwater General Permit, issued by Ecology for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activities (issued 2002, modified 2004, effective January 2005). Material storage facilities are uncovered areas where bulk materials (liquid, solid, granular, etc.) are stored in piles, barrels, tanks, bins, crates, or by other means. Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) means a conveyance, or system of conveyances (including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, manmade channels, or storm drains) that meets the following criteria: i. Owned or operated by a state, city, town, borough, county, parish, district, association, or other public body (created by or pursuant to state law) having jurisdiction over disposal of wastes, stormwater, or other wastes, including special districts under state law such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage district, or similar entity, or an Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization, or a designated and approved management agency under Section 208 of the federal Clean Water Act (CWA) that discharges to waters of the United States. ii. Designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater. iii. Is not a combined sewer. iv. Is not part of a Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) as defined at 40 CFR 122.2. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) means the national program for issuing, modifying, revoking, and reissuing, terminating, monitoring, and enforcing permits, and imposing and enforcing pretreatment requirements, under Sections 307, 402, 318, and 405 of the federal Clean Water Act, for the discharge of pollutants to surface waters of the state from point sources. These permits are referred to as NPDES permits and, in Washington State, are administered by Ecology. Non-stormwater discharges are discharges of process wastewaters, vehicle wash waters, cooling waters, or any other wastewaters associated with the facility into the stormwater collection system. Other discharges must be addressed in a separate NPDES permit (EPA). See also Illicit discharges. Certain non-stormwater discharges are conditionally approved under the ISGP but are subject to specific provisions, including identifying the location, flow volumes, quality, potential for water quality issues, and ability to apply appropriate BMPs. Examples of conditionally approved non- stormwater discharges under an ISGP include the following:  discharges from firefighting activities  fire protection system flushing, testing, and maintenance  discharges of potable water including water line flushing, provided that water line flushing must be de- chlorinated prior to discharge  uncontaminated air conditioning or compressor condensate  irrigation drainage  uncontaminated groundwater or spring water  discharges associated with dewatering of foundations, footing drains, or utility vaults where flows are not contaminated with process materials such as solvents. Incidental windblown mist from cooling towers that collects on rooftops or areas adjacent to the cooling tower. This does not include intentional discharges from cooling towers such as piped cooling tower blow down or drains. Odor is a means by which to characterize stormwater. Contaminants in stormwater can give off specific odors, which should be described as accurately as possible. Odors can include rotten eggs, solvent, fuel/oil, cleaning agent, etc. When noting odors, make sure the odor is not related to other sources beyond the runoff being inspected. If gasoline or a flammable solvent is suspected, leave the immediate area, notify facility management immediately, and take action to prevent a fire or explosion. ---PAGE BREAK--- List of Definitions Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan vii F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Operational source control BMPs are schedules of activities, prohibition of practices, and other managerial practices to prevent or reduce pollutants from entering stormwater. Operational BMPs include formation of a pollution prevention team, good housekeeping, preventive maintenance procedures, spill prevention and cleanup, employee training, inspections of pollutant sources and BMPs, and record-keeping. They can also include process changes, raw material/product changes, and recycling wastes. Outfall means a point source as defined by 40 CFR 122.2 at the point where a municipal separate storm sewer discharges to waters of the state and does not include open conveyances connecting two municipal separate storm sewer systems, or pipes, tunnels, or other conveyances which connect segments of the same stream or other waters of the state and are used to convey waters of the state. Runoff is water that travels across the land surface and discharges to water bodies either directly or through a collection and conveyance system (see also Stormwater). Run-on is stormwater runoff from another entity/jurisdiction or another area of the property that is not subject to the provision at issue. Sediment/erosion-sensitive feature means an area subject to significant degradation due to the effect of construction runoff or areas requiring special protection to prevent erosion. Sheen is used as an indicator in stormwater flows of petroleum products. Sheen looks like a rainbow hue on the water surface, and is commonly indicative of petroleum products, often present from parking lot runoff. Significant material includes, but is not limited to, raw materials; fuels; materials such as solvents, detergents, and plastic pellets; finished materials such as metallic products; raw materials used in food processing or production; hazardous substances designated under Section 101 (14) of CERCLA; any chemical the facility is required to report pursuant to Section 313 of Title III of SARA; fertilizers; pesticides; and waste products such as ashes, slag, and sludge that have the potential to be released with stormwater discharges. Source control BMPs means a structure or operation that is intended to prevent pollutants from coming into contact with stormwater through physical separation of areas or careful management of activities that are sources of pollutants. The Western Washington Stormwater Management Manual separates source control BMPs into two types. Structural source control BMPs are physical, structural, or mechanical devices or facilities that are intended to prevent pollutants from entering stormwater. Operational BMPs are nonstructural practices that prevent or reduce pollutants from entering stormwater. Spill means a release, either accidental or intentional, of a non-stormwater material. Stormwater means runoff during and following precipitation and snowmelt events, including surface runoff and drainage. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington means the five-volume technical manual (Publications Nos. 99-11 through 99-15 for the 2001 version and Publication No. 05-10-029-033 for the 2005 version [the 2005 version replaces the 2001 version]) prepared by Ecology for use by local governments that contains BMPs to prevent, control, or treat pollution in stormwater. Stormwater Management Program (SWMP) means a set of actions and activities designed to reduce the discharge of pollutants from the regulated small MS4 to the maximum extent practicable and to protect water quality, and comprising the components listed in S5 of S6 of the Western Washington Phase II Municipal Stormwater Permit and any additional actions necessary to meet the requirements of applicable requirements. Structural source control BMPs are physical, structural, or mechanical devices or facilities that are intended to prevent pollutants from entering stormwater. Structural source control BMPs typically include the following practices:  enclosing and/or covering the pollutant source (building or other enclosure, a roof over storage and working areas, temporary tarp, etc.).  segregating the pollutant source to prevent run-on of stormwater, and to direct only contaminated stormwater to appropriate treatment BMPs. ---PAGE BREAK--- List of Definitions Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan viii F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Treatment BMPs are intended to remove pollutants from stormwater. A few examples of treatment BMPs are wet ponds, oil/water separators (OWS), biofiltration swales, and constructed wetlands. Turbidity is a means by which to characterize stormwater. The dispersion or scattering of light in a liquid, caused by suspended solids and other factors, is commonly used as a measure of suspended solids in a liquid. Vehicle maintenance or storage facility means an uncovered area where any vehicles are regularly washed or maintained, or where at least 10 vehicles are stored. Water quality means the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, usually with respect to its suitability for a particular purpose. Waters of the state include those waters as defined as “waters of the United States” in 40 CFR Subpart 122.2 within the geographic boundaries of Washington state and “waters of the state” as defined in Chapter 90.48 RCW, which include lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, inland waters, underground waters, salt waters, and all other surface waters and water courses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington. ---PAGE BREAK--- 1: Introduction Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 1-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 1. INTRODUCTION This section provides the background information for this Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan including applicable permit requirements and the intended goals and objectives. This section also provides the limitations of this document. 1.1 Background This applies to the city of Puyallup’s (City) Public Works maintenance facility (Facility) located at 1100 39th Avenue SE, Puyallup, Washington (see Figure 2-1), also known as Corporate Yards. This identifies actions that Facility staff will take to comply with the terms and conditions of the Department of Ecology (Ecology)’s Western Washington Phase II Municipal Stormwater Permit (Phase II Permit). This was prepared in accordance with Phase II Permit condition S5.C.5.i, which requires the following activities:  implement nonstructural best management practices (BMPs) immediately after the is developed or updated  include a schedule for implementation of structural BMPs  inspect the effectiveness of BMPs periodically  conduct periodic visual inspection of discharges from the facility during wet and dry conditions  update the when major BMP and/or administrative role revisions occur. 1.2 Goals and Objectives This is intended to help the City satisfy the following goals:  implement and maintain BMPs that identify, reduce, eliminate, and/or prevent the discharge of stormwater pollutants  prevent violations of surface water quality, groundwater quality, or sediment management standards  eliminate the discharges of unpermitted process wastewater, domestic wastewater, non-contact cooling water, and other illicit discharges to stormwater drainage systems. To meet these goals, this takes the following actions:  identifies potential sources of stormwater pollution that could affect the quality of stormwater discharges associated with the Facility  evaluates the potential for stormwater contamination from the identified potential sources  identifies the stormwater BMPs that will be used at the Facility for the prevention and control of pollutants in stormwater discharges  identifies operations, maintenance, inspections, and record-keeping needed for these BMPs. The City has formed a Pollution Prevention (P2) team to oversee implementation of this The P2 team will annually review the and confirm its implementation. The P2 team is discussed in detail in Section 3.2. The P2 team will modify the annually or more often if needed to reflect changing conditions at the Facility, such as new operations, Facility modifications, or BMPs. Appendix A contains the Revision Form, which will be completed when revisions are made. ---PAGE BREAK--- 1: Introduction Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 1-2 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm 1.3 Limitations Ecology has not yet developed a template or guidelines specifically for municipal facilities covered by the Phase II Permit. Therefore, this was modeled after the city of Mount Vernon’s Fir Street Maintenance Facility (Brown and Caldwell 2009), which Ecology has cited as an example on its Web page titled Resource for Stormwater Management Plan Elements: Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations, which is located at the address below: (http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/stormwater/municipal/pollutionPREVENTION.html). This is organized to be easy to use and update. The main body contains useful information for those in charge of administering and documenting implementation of the plan. The appendices contain the most relevant information for City staff at the Public Works maintenance facility. ---PAGE BREAK--- 2: Facility Assessment Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 2. FACILITY ASSESSMENT This section provides an overview of the Facility and its stormwater drainage system. 2.1 Overview of Facility and Operations The City’s Public Works Facility is located at 1100 39th Avenue SE in Puyallup, Washington, and encompasses a rectangular area of approximately 10 acres. Four main buildings and two storage sheds are located on the site. Approximately two-thirds of the site is covered with impervious surfaces. Figure 2-1 provides a vicinity map of the area. The Facility is owned by the city of Puyallup and is bordered by a secured fence with two main entry points. Buildings on site include:  Public Works administrative offices and storage building  Vehicle maintenance and truck wash building  Equipment shed  Information technology and emergency operations center  Two material storage sheds, and a  Fueling island 2.2 Facility Drainage Figure 2-2 shows the drainage features at the Facility. Runoff from the northwest portion of the Facility is collected in catch basins and a strip drain and conveyed to a storm sewer pipe and a ditch on the western edge of the site which lead to an EcoStorm Plus stormwater filtration system installed in 2011. Runoff from the fuel island passes through an oil/water separator (OWS) prior to discharge. Runoff from the northwest portion of the site discharges into the City storm sewer on 39th Avenue SE. Subsequently, the City storm sewer system appears to discharge to Bradley Lake, located approximately 0.5 miles northwest of the Site. Runoff from the southwestern portion of the Facility drains is collected in catch basins and conveyed via a storm sewer to a low area on the southwest corner of the site. Runoff from the eastern half of the Facility is collected in a series of grass-lined swales with check dams, which ultimately flow through a short section of pipe and then into a two-celled treatment pond located near the eastern edge of the site. The upper cell is a wet pond and the lower cell is a dry pond with check dams in it. The pond discharges into an unlined channel that flows to a wooded area at the southeast corner of the site. Runoff from the eastern portion appears to drain to a pothole nearby. ---PAGE BREAK--- 2: Facility Assessment Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2-2 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Figure 2-1. Vicinity map Public Works Facility ---PAGE BREAK--- 2: Facility Assessment Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2-3 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Figure 2-2. Maintenance facility map (sources: city of Puyallup GIS data and information collected in the field) ---PAGE BREAK--- 2: Facility Assessment Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2-4 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm 2.3 Description of Maintenance Facility Activities The Facility serves multiple functions for the Public Works Department. Table 2-1 lists the activities conducted in areas that can drain to the stormwater system. The table also lists the types of pollutants that could be associated with each activity. Table 2-1. General Facility Activities and their Potential Effects on Stormwater Facility activity Description of Facility activity (Figure 2-2 location) Potential pollutants in stormwater runoff Sediment/ suspended solids Nutrients Metals Bacteria Hydrocarbons Other organics Dissolved solids Oxygen demanding substances Abnormal pH Storage of liquid materials in stationary tanks a A 500-gallon aboveground storage tank containing diesel to fuel a backup generator is also located in this area (Area    Fueling operations a Fueling is conducted at the fuel island supplied by underground storage tanks (Area   Outside storage of non- containerized materials, by-products, or finished products b Several areas are used for outdoor storage of any of the following: metals, building materials, including galvanized pipe, and concrete products; or erodible materials, including sand and gravel. The sand and gravel piles are contained in bays (Area        Vehicle rinsing c Vehicles are rinsed off at the vehicle wash area located to the south of the mechanics building (Area       Storage of solid wastea A dumpster with a mesh lid is located south of the mechanics building (Area         Street-sweeping waste is stored in the street- sweeping waste dumpster located at the eastern edge of the site (Area        Loading and unloading area for liquid or solid material c City trucks decant waste from storm sewer cleaning. Roof does not cover entire pad (Area        De-icing brine is pumped from inside the materials storage shed into a large tank located outside of the building and then subsequently loaded onto Public Works vehicles for transport (Area    Vehicle and equipment parking and storage b Parking of City cars, eductor (vactor) trucks, dump trucks, and other equipment occurs throughout the site.     BMP Activity Sheets were adopted from the following sources and are included in Appendix B: a. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual b. City of Seattle Source Control Technical Requirements Manual c. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, Volume IV: Source Control BMPs ---PAGE BREAK--- 2: Facility Assessment Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 2-5 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm 2.4 Inventory of Significant Materials and Chemicals Table 2-2 lists the materials and chemicals stored in areas that could drain to the storm drainage system and pose a potential threat to stormwater. It should be noted that materials are moved around frequently; therefore, quantities are constantly changing. Table 2-2. Materials Exposed or Potentially Exposed to Rainfall/Runoff List of exposed significant materials Period of exposure Quantity Map location(s) Method of storage, handling, and disposal Diesel fuel Continuous 500 gallons Area 1 Diesel is stored in a double-walled AST. It is transferred according to manufacturer safety protocols. Miscellaneous drainage & utility equipment pipes, signs, meters) Continuous NA Area 4 Stored on ground, used when needed. Gravel, sand, and other material stockpiles Continuous Approximately 3,000 yd2 Area 4 Stored in contained areas. Garbage dumpster with mesh cover Continuous 1 dumpster Area 6 Dumpster emptied as necessary. Street-sweeping dumpster Continuous 1 dumpster Area 7 Dumpster emptied as necessary. Miscellaneous maintenance vehicles Continuous Up to 12 Areas 6 & 1 Most vehicles are stored under cover. ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 3-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 3. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES This section provides a description of best management practices (BMPs) that are recommended for the Facility. Stormwater BMPs include structures, activities, or practices intended to help prevent or reduce stormwater pollution. This section also discusses the Pollution Prevention (P2) team, training requirements, and the BMPs currently implemented at the site. 3.1 Facility BMPs Phase II Permit Section S5.i requires implementation of nonstructural and structural BMPs. To develop BMP recommendations for this we reviewed the Ecology (2005) stormwater manual as well as the city of Seattle and King County manuals to identify the potentially appropriate BMPs for each activity at the Facility. We identified the existing BMPs for each activity. We then developed the BMP recommendations presented in Table 3-1. The table lists the recommended BMPs for each activity and notes which BMPs are already being implemented. The BMPs are included as separate activity pullout sheets in Appendix B for ease of use in the field. Table 3-1 includes a combination of structural and nonstructural measures. The nonstructural measures include general good-housekeeping measures that apply throughout the Facility (sweeping, etc.), as well as measures tailored to a specific activity checking storage tanks for spills and leaks). The table also includes structural measures repair or replace spill containment pad around fuel island). In general, the structural measures focus on activities and areas where nonstructural measures are impractical. As noted in Table 3-1, the Facility has a number of stormwater treatment BMPs in place, including the following:  storm filter vault that treats runoff from the northwest portion of the site  a coalescing plate OWS that treats runoff from the fuel island  grass-lined swales with check dams to remove sediment in runoff from the outdoor storage areas  a two-celled pond (wet cell and dry cell) to remove sediment and other pollutants in runoff from the eastern portion of the Facility. Both cells of the pond should be visually inspected for any potential water quality issues, as described in Section 4. The Facility also contains an OWS and settling vault that are connected to the sanitary sewer system. These devices are intended to remove settleable solids and other pollutants that could cause maintenance problems in the sanitary system. The Phase II Permit prohibits most non-stormwater discharges. Therefore, Table 3-1 also includes recommended measures to address the following three non-stormwater discharges that were identified on the site:  The administration building contains a water meter testing device that discharges potable water into the storm drain adjacent to the building. Because chlorine can be toxic to aquatic life, the Phase II Permit requires that potable water must be de-chlorinated before it is discharged to the storm drain. The City could address this discharge by re-routing the flow to the sanitary sewer, de-chlorinating the water prior to discharge into the storm drain, or directing the runoff from the device to nearby grassy/lawn areas. Several manufacturers have developed portable de-chlorination devices for use during fire flow testing, water line flushing, and similar activities. Installing such a device at the outlet to the water meter test pipe would meet the Phase II Permit requirement if re-routing to the sanitary sewer or directing it to a grassy/lawn area are not viable options.  The facility contains an outdoor, covered fueling station with two gas pumps. Currently, the facility needs the canopy replaced, the fuel island needs repair to provide spill containment and divert run-on, and ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices (BMPs) Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 3-2 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm the storm inlet needs to be relocated so runoff from the containment pad is directed to the OWS. The following items also need to be addressed: o Post signs to remind employees not to top off the fuel tank when filling. o Route fuel island runoff to sanitary sewer  There is an outdoor, uncovered area on the site used for storing common materials used in the maintenance and repair of the City’s infrastructure (roads, MS4, etc.). It is a graveled area and the materials stored, such as gravel, sands, etc. contain sediment-laden material that should not be allowed to enter the storm system. One option to prevent the runoff of sediment laden runoff into any nearby catch basins is to install a cutoff (French) drain that will catch any sediment laden runoff and direct it to a device that will allow for the removal of the sediment, such as a storm filter vault or the onsite settlement pond. ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Table 3-1. BMPs for Maintenance Facility Activities Facility activity Location on Figure 2-2 BMPs Currently in place New CIP needed / Date to be Implemented General (good housekeeping) Site-wide  Sweep paved areas regularly.   Clean up debris and old equipment periodically.   Remove trash and garbage.   Inspect routinely for leaks or spills.   Implement waste and material minimization programs.  Storage of liquid materials in stationary tanks a 1. Generator & diesel tank  Ensure that if tank ruptures, no liquid will flow into the storm system. Tanks are double-walled.   Place drip pans or absorbent materials beneath all mounted taps and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of tanks.   Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials near the tank storage area, in a location known to all. Ensure that all employees are familiar with the site’s spill cleanup procedures.   Sweep and clean the area as needed. Do not hose down area to storm drain.   Check tanks daily for leaks and spills. Replace tanks that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating. Collect any spilled liquids and dispose of them properly.   Inspect spill control devices regularly to remove separated floatables.   Place applicable activity sheet near storage area for easy reference.  Storage of liquid materials in portable containers a 2. Materials storage sheds  Hire qualified contractor to identify, label, and dispose of all “unknown” containers in accordance with applicable regulations.   Refine City policy regarding handling of containers illegally dumped on City property to minimize future storage of “unknown” containers at the Facility.   Treat runoff in wet and dry ponds prior to discharge offsite.   Place tight-fitting lids on all containers.   Enclose or cover the containers where they are stored.   Raise containers off the ground by using a spill containment pallet or similar method that has provisions for spill control or contain the material in such a manner that if the containers leak or spill, the contents will not discharge, flow, or be washed into the storm drainage system.   Place drip pans or absorbent materials beneath all mounted taps and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of tanks/containers.  ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Table 3-1. BMPs for Maintenance Facility Activities Facility activity Location on Figure 2-2 BMPs Currently in place New CIP needed / Date to be Implemented  Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials near the container storage area, in a location known to all.   Sweep and clean the area as needed.   Check containers daily for leaks and spills. Replace containers that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating. Collect all spilled liquids and properly dispose of them.   Any collected liquids or soiled absorbent materials must be reused, recycled, or disposed of properly.  Fueling operations a 3. Fuel island  Never hose down the fueling area to storm drains   Post signs to remind employees not to top off the fuel tank when filling.  December 2012  Store and maintain spill kit materials in a location known to all.   Conduct regular spill response training for all City staff.  December 2012  Replace canopy over fuel island.   Replace or repair fuel island pad so it provides spill containment and diverts run-on.  One year after approval by council  Locate storm drain inlet so that only runoff from the containment pad goes to the OWS.   Inspect OWS at least once during wet season and after large storm events or fuel spills. Maintain as needed to ensure proper function.   Route fuel island runoff to sanitary sewer  One year after approval by council Outside storage of non- containerized materials, by- products, or finished products b 4a/4c. Outdoor storage (pipes, posts, signs, etc.)  Treat runoff in grassed swales, wet and dry ponds prior to discharge offsite.   Sweep paved storage areas as needed to remove loose materials.   Store cleanup supplies and equipment vacuum sweepers, brooms, dust pans) in an easily accessible place for all employees.  Outside storage of non- 4b. Outdoor storage  Treat runoff in grassed swales, wet and dry ponds prior to discharge offsite.  ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Table 3-1. BMPs for Maintenance Facility Activities Facility activity Location on Figure 2-2 BMPs Currently in place New CIP needed / Date to be Implemented containerized materials, by- products, or finished products b (gravel & sand)  Inspect outside storage areas during storm event and if stormwater run-on from surrounding areas is observed, install berms to divert flow away from storage area.   Sweep paved storage areas as needed depending on site conditions to remove loose solid materials.  Vehicle rinsing c 5. Vehicle rinse pad  The City has constructed site improvements to re-route rinse water to the sanitary sewer. Improvements include new wash pad configured as a spill containment pad so that it contain rinse water and divert run-on; pre-treatment in a baffled vault or other device designed to remove settleable solids prior to discharge to sanitary. To minimize storm flow into the sanitary sewer, considering extending adjacent building roof to cover pad.   Storage of solid waste a 6/7. Dumpsters  Cover storage containers with leak proof lids or some other means.   Check dumpsters as needed for leaks and to ensure that lids fit Replace lids that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating.  Loading and unloading (vactor trucks) area for liquid or solid material c 8. Decant facility  Inspect during storm events to ensure that all decant material is conveyed to the sump. If inspection indicates that decant liquids or solids are escaping the pad, evaluate structural alternatives, berm, strip drain)   Sweep surfaces as needed to remove material that could be washed off by stormwater.  Construct a new protected dumping station in a more suitable location that incorporates drainage safeguards.  December 2012  Loading and unloading area for liquid or solid material c 9. De-icing brine mixing area  When loading the de-icing trucks, ensure that there are appropriate temporary containment devices in place if a spill or leak should occur.   Prior to loading or unloading, check equipment, such as valves, pumps, flanges, and connections.   Inspect the equipment frequently and repair as needed.  Storage of liquid containers c 9. De-icing brine mixing area  Provide portable temporary secondary containment for the brine mixing tank.   Place a tight fitting lid on the brine tank when it is outside and not in use.   Inspect the brine tank and surrounding area regularly for structural failure, spills, leaks and overfills. Repair or replace as needed.  ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm Table 3-1. BMPs for Maintenance Facility Activities Facility activity Location on Figure 2-2 BMPs Currently in place New CIP needed / Date to be Implemented Vehicle and equipment parking and storage b Parking of fleet vehicles happens throughout the site.  Sweep parking areas as needed to collect dirt, waste, and debris. Do not hose down area to the storm drainage system.   If washing/pressure washing of the parking areas occurs, the wash water must be collected and discharged to a sanitary sewer system.   If vehicles are observed to track dirt out of the parking and storage areas, install basic sediment controls if needed to complement existing BMPs and minimize sediment transport to storm drainage systems.  BMP Activity Sheets were adopted from these following sources and are included in Appendix B: a. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual b. City of Seattle Source Control Technical Requirements Manual c. Ecology Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, Volume IV: Source Control BMPs ---PAGE BREAK--- 3: Best Management Practices Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 3-7 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm 3.2 Pollution Prevention (P2) Team The City has formed a Facility Pollution Prevention (P2) team consisting of staff responsible for key activities. Table 3-2 below lists the P2 members, their contact information, and their responsibilities. Table 3-2. Pollution Prevention (P2) Team Position Name and contact information Responsibilities Public Works Compliance Donald Keith Henry [PHONE REDACTED] Permit compliance City Engineer Mark Palmer, P.E. [PHONE REDACTED] Supervisory responsibility Stormwater Engineer Steve Carstens, P.E. [PHONE REDACTED] Technical Advisor, coordination, and Permit Compliance This table should be revisited at least once per year and updated if staff assignments change. 3.3 Training The Phase II Permit requires training of Facility employees whose activities could impact stormwater quality. Employee training is an ongoing program, and will be provided for all existing employees on a regular basis and for all new employees when they begin work at the Facility. Training material content will include the information in this spill response procedures, and visual inspection procedures. ---PAGE BREAK--- 4: Monitoring (Visual Inspections) Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 4-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 4. MONITORING (VISUAL INSPECTIONS) The Phase II Permit requires that the prescribe periodic visual observation of discharges from the Facility to evaluate the effectiveness of BMPs (S5.C.5.i.). The stormwater BMP monitoring for the Facility will rely upon annual wet and dry weather visual inspections of discharge quality to indicate obvious or potential problems and an annual BMP evaluation. The wet weather inspection will help assess overall BMP performance. The dry weather inspection will help confirm that illicit discharges have been eliminated. Coupled with the other BMPs for the Facility, as discussed in Section 3, this approach should reduce the potential for adverse impacts on stormwater quality. 4.1 Drainage and Outfall Characteristics The locations recommended for the wet and dry weather visual inspections are MON-1 and MON-2. These locations are shown in Figure 2-2 and described below. MON-1 is located at the catch basin at the northwestern corner of the site, where the facility storm drain system connects to a storm sewer under 39th Avenue SE. It receives runoff from the northwestern portion of the site, including the vehicle rinsing area, fuel island, public works outdoor material storage area, dumpster, decant facility, backup generator, and propane tank. MON-2 is located at the outlet pipe for the cell of the stormwater pond located at the eastern edge of the site. This pond treats stormwater from the western portion of the site, which encompasses a range of materials storage areas and a dumpster used for the street sweeper waste. 4.2 Wet and Dry Weather Visual Inspections Each outfall will be inspected twice each year, once during dry weather and once during a storm runoff event. Appendix C contains the inspection forms. A designated member of the P2 team will perform these inspections. Wet weather inspections means that discharges from the identified outfalls will be assessed during a significant rainfall event resulting in visible stormwater runoff and discharges from the site. Inspections are not required to be conducted outside of regular business hours or during unsafe conditions. Dry weather inspections should be conducted when no rain has occurred at the Facility for at least 24 hours prior to inspection. The person conducting the inspection should look for the indicators described below:  Floatables: Floatables indicate if obvious trash or other controllable debris, such as landscaping material, leaf litter, etc. has entered into the storm system.  Foam: Foam indicates that potentially soap or other cleaning products have entered into the storm system. However, stormwater can often be foamy from pollen and other natural organic material. One can determine the difference by inspecting appearance and smell. If the foam is persistent and accompanied by a fragrant odor, it could be related to a cleaning product. If the suds break up quickly, then it could be from turbulence and/or natural conditions.  Sheen: Sheen, which also looks like a rainbow hue on the water surface, is commonly indicative of petroleum products, often present from parking lot runoff. If gasoline or a flammable solvent is suspected, the inspector should leave the immediate area, notify facility management immediately, and take action to prevent a fire or explosion.  Turbidity: Turbidity, which makes the water appear cloudy, is usually an indication of dirt or sediment in the water. ---PAGE BREAK--- 4: Monitoring (Visual Inspections) Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm  Odor: Certain contaminants in stormwater can give off specific odors, which should be described as accurately as possible. Odors can include those similar to rotten eggs, solvent, fuel/oil, cleaning agent, etc. When noting odors, the inspector should make sure that the odor is not related to sources other than beyond the runoff being inspected. If gasoline or a flammable solvent is suspected, the inspector should leave the immediate area, notify the Facility management immediately, and take action to prevent a fire or explosion (see spill response procedures in Section 5 of this  Discoloration: A red/orange color can indicate rust from iron pipes or iron bacteria. Other colors such as white could indicate paint or cleaning agent emulsions.  Flow: Note presence or discharge from each outfall. If flow is present, the approximate discharge rate should be indicated on the inspection form < 10 gpm, or >10 gpm). The inspector should note whether each indicator was present or absent at the time of inspection, and note the approximate magnitude for any indicators that were observed. 4.3 Annual BMP Evaluation Once each year, the P2 team will evaluate the BMPs at the Facility to determine if additional BMPs are needed or if current BMPs should be modified. The evaluations should be performed using the Annual BMP Evaluation Form. A copy of this form is provided in Appendix D. 4.4 Revisions The should be revisited once per year and revised if needed to reflect any administrative changes change in P2 team members). In addition, the should be revised when significant changes occur that could affect stormwater quality and BMP needs. Appendix A contains a copy of the Revision Form. ---PAGE BREAK--- 5: Spill Response Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 5-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 5. SPILL RESPONSE 5.1 Spill Response Plan and Emergency Cleanup This section describes the Facility’s Spill Response Plan (SRP). The main objective of responding to pollutant spill events is to contain the spill in order to minimize detrimental impacts to the environment and life safety. This SRP is intended for the use by the city of Puyallup’s public works staff. In response to a spill, staff should take the following steps: 1. Call supervisor Donald Keith Henry at (253) 841-5560. Alternative contacts are: TedEgeland, (253) 841-5469, John Wiklander, (253) 770-3341, and Karen Michaud, (253) 841-5593. 2. If an employee can identify the material, an employee may conduct spill containment and/or cleanup only if ALL of the following conditions are met:  Without jeopardizing safety, the employee is able to determine that the material is not a hazardous material.  The employee considers himself or herself prepared and trained to respond to the spill.  Appropriate spill containing materials are available. 3. If the material involved shows ANY indication of being hazardous (for example, flammable, corrosive, or dangerous in nature), employees should take the following steps: ACTION: If you cannot identify the product involved, STOP and follow these procedures: 1. Leave the immediate area where the product is located. 2. Prevent others from approaching the product. 3. Call the police and Fire Department by dialing 911. If an employee cannot identify the material, or determines that the material is hazardous, the employee should follow Spill Response Plan included in Appendix E, along with the corresponding Spill Response flow diagram included in Appendix F. 5.2 Location of Spill Kits Spill kits containing adsorbent materials are located at the fuel island and in the mechanics/storage building. Spill kit materials are re-stocked after each use. ---PAGE BREAK--- 6: Record-keeping Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 6-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 6. RECORD-KEEPING All forms completed pursuant to this will be maintained for at least 5 years. Maintained documentation will include at least the following forms:  Revision Form, located in Appendix A  Wet and Dry Weather Visual Inspection Forms, located in Appendix C  Annual BMP Evaluation Form, located in Appendix D.  Spill Response Plan Form, located in Appendix E. ---PAGE BREAK--- 7: References Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 7-1 F:\Yards\Storm Water\NPDES\Annual Puyallup Public Works FINAL.docm STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN 7. REFERENCES Brown and Caldwell 2008, Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan, Fir Street Maintenance Facility, city of Mt. Vernon. California Stormwater Quality Association Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook, Municipal. January 2003. Available at the following Web site: http://www.camphandbooks.com. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Guidance Manual for Program Development and Technical Assessments by the Center for Watershed Protection and Robert Pitt University of Alabama. October 2004. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual (SPPM). January 2005. Available at the following Web site: http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/dss/sppm.htm. The city of Seattle. Volume 1: Source Control Technical Requirements Manual. Issued July 2000. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Glossary. Available at the following Web site: http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/glossary. Washington State Department of Ecology. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington. Volume IV, Source Control BMPs. Prepared by Washington State Department of Ecology, Water Quality Program. February 2005. Publication No. 05-10-32. ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX A: REVISION FORM This appendix contains the Revision Form. ---PAGE BREAK--- Annual Revision Form City of Puyallup Public Works Maintenance Facility Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) Revision No. Date: Major Revisions: Completed By: (Name and Signature) ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX B: BMP ACTIVITY SHEETS This Appendix contains the activity sheets specific to the city of Puyallup’s Public Works maintenance facility, as adapted from King County’s Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual (KC), City of Seattle’s Source Control Technical Requirements Manual (SEA), and Ecology’s Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, Volume IV- Source Control BMPs (Ecology). The following activity sheets are enclosed:  KC A2: Storage of Liquid Materials in Stationary Tanks  KC A3: Storage of Liquid Materials in Portable Containers  KC A8: Storage of Solid Waste and Food Wastes (including Cooking Grease)  KC A17: Fueling Operations  KC A31: Vehicle and Equipment Parking and Storage  SEA: Outside Storage of Non-Containerized Materials, By-Products, or Finished Products  Ecology: Loading and Unloading for Liquid and Solids  Ecology: Storage of Liquid Waste Containers  Ecology: Vehicle Rinsing. ---PAGE BREAK--- R E Q U I R E M E N T S A C T I V I T Y S H E E T A - 2 Storage of Liquid Materials in Stationary Tanks This activity applies to you if you store any type of liquids, including but not limited to chemicals, waste oils, solvents, or petroleum products in above ground stationary tanks. Leaking tanks can contribute toxic compounds, oils and greases, metals, abnormal pH, and nutrients to stormwater runoff. In addition, spills may occur during liquid transfer operations to and from the tanks. This activity does not apply to underground storage tanks or to businesses permitted by the Washington State Department of Ecology to treat, store, or dispose of dangerous wastes. Storage of reactive, combustible, or flammable liquids must comply with the King County Fire Code Title 17. 1 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices are required if you are engaged in storage of liquid materials in above ground stationary tanks: Store and contain liquid materials in such a manner that if the tank is ruptured, the contents will not discharge, flow, or be washed into the storm drainage system, surface waters, or groundwater. ) See BMP Info Sheet 5 in Chapter 5 for information on containment. OR If the liquid is oil, gas, or other material that separates from and floats on water, install a spill control device (such as an oil/water separator or down-turned elbow) in the catch basins that collect runoff from the storage tank area. January 2005 King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- Storage of Liquid Materials in Stationary Tanks (continued) 2 ) See BMP Info Sheet 9 in Chapter 5 for information on oil/water separators. Required Routine Maintenance: • Place drip pans or absorbent materials beneath all mounted taps and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of tanks. Any collected liquids or soiled absorbent materials must be reused, recycled, or properly disposed of. • Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials near the tank storage area, in a location known to all. Ensure that employees are familiar with the site’s spill control plan and/or proper spill cleanup procedures. • Sweep and clean the storage area as needed if it is paved. Do not hose down the area to a storm drain. • Check tanks (and any containment sumps) daily for leaks and spills. Replace tanks that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating. Collect all spilled liquids and properly dispose of them. • Inspect spill control devices regularly (daily/weekly) to remove separated floatables. ) See BMP Info Sheet 2 in Chapter 5 for information on disposal options. For more information or assistance in implementing these best management practices, contact the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division at [PHONE REDACTED]. Reader Note: The above requirements are the minimum required BMPs. If these BMPs fail to prevent discharges to the storm drainage system, you will be asked to take additional measures to correct the continued pollution discharges. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual January 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- R E Q U I R E M E N T S A C T I V I T Y S H E E T A - 3 Storage of Liquid Materials in Portable Containers This activity applies to you if you store any type of liquids including but not limited to chemicals, waste oils, solvents, or petroleum products in portable containers (such as drums). This activity covers permanent storage as well as temporary storage areas at temporary sites. Spills and drips of these liquids, or overtopping of storage containers, can contribute toxic compounds, oils and greases, metals, abnormal pH, and nutrients to stormwater runoff. This activity does not apply to businesses that are permitted by the Washington State Department of Ecology to treat, store, or dispose of dangerous wastes. Storage of reactive, combustible, or flammable liquids must comply with the King County Fire Code. 1 2 3 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices are required if you are engaged in the storage of liquid materials in portable containers: Place tight-fitting lids on all containers. Enclose or cover the containers where they are stored. The local fire district must be consulted for limitations on clearance of roof covers over containers used to store flammable materials. Raise the containers off the ground by using a spill containment pallet or similar method that has provisions for spill control. OR Contain the material in such a manner that if the container leaks or spills, the contents will not discharge, flow, or be washed into the storm drainage system, surface water, or groundwater. January 2005 King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- Storage of Any Liquid Materials in Portable Containers 4 5 ) See BMP Info Sheet 5 in Chapter 5 for information on containment options. Place drip pans or absorbent materials beneath all mounted container taps, and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of containers. Any collected liquids or soiled absorbent materials must be reused, recycled, or properly disposed of. ) See BMP Info Sheet 2 in Chapter 5 for information on disposal options. Required Routine Maintenance: • Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials near the container storage area, in a location known to all. Ensure that employees are familiar with the site's spill plan and/or proper spill cleanup procedures. • Sweep and clean the storage area as needed if it is paved. Do not hose down the area to the storm drainage system. • Check containers (and any containment sumps) daily for leaks and spills. Replace containers that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating. If the liquid chemicals are corrosive, containers made of compatible materials must be used instead of metal drums. New or secondary containers must be labeled with the product name and hazards. • Collect all spilled liquids and properly dispose of them. • Inspect spill control devices routinely (daily/weekly) and remove separated floatables. ) See BMP Info Sheet 2 in Chapter 5 for information on disposal options. For more information or assistance in implementing these best management practices, contact the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division at [PHONE REDACTED]. Reader Note: The above requirements are the minimum required BMPs. If these BMPs fail to prevent discharges to the storm drainage system, you will be asked to take additional measures to correct the continued pollution discharges. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual January 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- R E Q U I R E M E N T S A C T I V I T Y S H E E T A - 8 Storage or Solid Waste and Food Wastes (Including Cooking Grease) This activity applies to you if you store solid wastes including both food and non-food wastes outdoors. This typically refers to garbage dumpsters, other outdoor waste containers such as cooking grease barrels or containers, and any stockpiled garbage. Improper storage of non-food solid wastes can allow toxic compounds, oils and greases, metals, nutrients, and suspended solids to enter stormwater runoff. Stormwater runoff from food waste storage areas may be contaminated with oils and greases, nutrients, and suspended solids if waste containers are leaking, are not covered, or are too small to contain the amount of waste generated. If you store dangerous wastes you must follow specific regulations outlined by the Washington State Department of Ecology. 1 2 3 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices, are required if you are engaged in storage of solid wastes or food wastes: Cover storage containers with leak proof lids or some other means. If waste is not in containers, cover all waste piles (plastic tarps are acceptable coverage) and prevent stormwater run-on and run-off with a berm or similar method. The waste containers or piles must be covered except when in use. ) See BMP Info Sheet 5 in Chapter 5 for information on containment and run-on prevention and BMP Info Sheet 3 for information on covering options. When transferring cooking oil/grease to outside containers from kitchens, cover the container with a tight lid during transport and clean up any spills immediately. Use drip pans or absorbent materials whenever grease containers are emptied by vacuum trucks or other means. Grease cannot be left on the ground. Clean up spills immediately. Collected grease must be properly disposed of as garbage. January 2005 King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- Storage or Solid Waste and Food Wastes (continued) 4 Required Routine Maintenance: • Check storage containers as needed for leaks and to ensure that lids are on Replace any that are leaking, corroded, or otherwise deteriorating. • Sweep and clean the storage area as needed if it is paved. Do not hose down the area to a storm drain. • Dispose of rinse and wash water from cleaning your containers into a sanitary sewer according to health department requirements. ) See BMP Info Sheet 2 in Chapter 5 for information on disposal options. For more information or assistance in implementing these best management practices, contact the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division at [PHONE REDACTED]. Reader Note: The above requirements are the minimum required BMPs. If these BMPs fail to prevent discharges to the storm drainage system, you will be asked to take additional measures to correct the continued pollution discharges. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual January 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- R E Q U I R E M E N T S A C T I V I T Y S H E E T A - 1 7 Fueling Operations This activity applies to you if you refuel vehicles on the premises, whether a large sized gas station or a single pump maintenance yard installation. It also covers mobile fueling operations. Stormwater runoff from fueling areas may be contaminated with toxic hydrocarbons, oils and greases, and metals. 1 2 3 4 5 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices, are required if you are engaged in dedicated permanent fueling operations: Cover the fueling area with an overhanging roof structure or canopy so that precipitation cannot come in contact with the fueling area. ) See BMP Info Sheet 3 in Chapter 5 for information on covering options. An exception to this requirement is granted for mobile fueling equipment, floating fuel islands on water, and oversized vehicles that can not maneuver under a roof. Pave the fueling area with Portland cement concrete and contain the area to prevent uncontaminated stormwater from running into the fueling area and carrying pollutants to the onsite storm drainage system or adjacent surface water or conveyance systems. ) See BMP Info Sheet 5 in Chapter 5 for information on containment. Install and maintain an oil or spill control device in the appropriate catch basin(s) to treat runoff from the fueling area. ) See the King County Surface Water Design Manual for various designs and the BMP Info Sheet 9 in Chapter 5 for further information on oil/water separators. Never hose down the fueling area to the storm drains. Contaminated runoff must be collected for proper disposal. Required Routine Maintenance: • Post signs to remind employees and customers not to top off the fuel tank when filling. Post signs that ban customers and employees from changing engine oil or other fluids at that location. • Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials in a location known to all. Ensure that employees are familiar with the site’s spill control plan and/or proper spill cleanup procedures. January 2005 King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- Fueling Operations (continued) 1 2 3 4 1 2 If you cannot implement the above requirements on your site, consider ceasing your on-site fueling activities and take your vehicles to a fueling station that meets these requirements. The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices, are required if you are engaged in mobile fueling operations: Locate the fueling operation to ensure leaks or spills will not discharge, flow, or be washed into the storm drainage system, surface water, or groundwater. Use drip pans or absorbent pads to capture drips or spills during fueling operations. If fueling is done during evening hours, lighting must be provided. Required Routine Maintenance: • Store and maintain appropriate spill cleanup materials in the mobile fueling vehicle. Ensure that employees are familiar with proper spill control and cleanup procedures. ADDITIONAL BMPs The following BMPs are optional unless the above minimum required BMPs do not provide adequate source control. Use absorbent pillows or similar absorbent materials in or around storm drain inlets on the property to filter oily runoff. These require frequent maintenance and close attention, but can be useful in short-term situations. Used absorbent materials containing oil must be picked up by a qualified disposal contractor. A catch basin insert configured for oil removal may remove some of the pollutants in runoff from this activity. Catch basin inserts require frequent maintenance to be effective. Carefully consider this when evaluating your options. The oil absorbent filter media must retain absorbed oil during future storm events. See Chapter 6.6.1 of the King County Surface Water Design Manual for more information regarding which filter media provide acceptable oil retention. ) See BMP Info Sheet 10 in Chapter 5 for more information. For more information or assistance in implementing these best management practices, contact the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division at [PHONE REDACTED]. Reader Note: The above requirements are the minimum required BMPs. If these BMPs fail to prevent discharges to the storm drainage system, you will be asked to take additional measures to correct the continued pollution discharges. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual January 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- R E Q U I R E M E N T S A C T I V I T Y S H E E T A - 3 1 Vehicle and Equipment Parking and Storage This activity applies to all types of parking lots (commercial, public, and private), retail store parking lots, fleet vehicle lots and yards (including rent-a-car lots and car dealerships), equipment sale and rental lots, and parking lot driveways. Stormwater runoff from these sites can be contaminated with toxic hydrocarbons and other organic compounds, oils and greases, metals, nutrients, and suspended solids. 1 2 3 MINIMUM REQUIRED ROUTINE MAINTENANCE The following BMPs, or equivalent measures, methods, or practices are required if you have parking lots and driveways: Sweep parking lots, storage areas, and driveways as needed to collect dirt, waste, and debris. Do not hose down the area to the storm drainage system. If washing/pressure washing of the parking lot occurs, the wash water must be collected and discharged to a sanitary sewer or other treatment system. There are services that will clean parking lots and collect water for off-site disposal. Never drain washwater to the storm drainage system. ) See BMP Info Sheet 2 in Chapter 5 for information on disposal options. Gravel and dirt lots may require additional BMPs to prevent sediment laden water from leaving your site. Also, vehicles can track dirt out of the parking and storage areas onto public roadways. Basic sediment controls as outlined in Appendix D (“Erosion and Sediment Control Standards”) of the King County Surface Water Design Manual may need to be installed if other BMPs do not adequately control sediment laden water from entering off site storm water conveyance systems. Wheel wash facilities may need to be considered if track out of mud becomes a problem. See Activity Sheet A-41, “Wheel Wash and Tire Bath Operations.” January 2005 King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- Vehicle and Equipment Parking and Storage (continued) 1 2 3 4 ADDITIONAL BMPs The following BMPs are optional, unless the above minimum required BMPs do not provide adequate source control. Encourage employees to carpool or use public transit through incentives. Encourage customers to use public transit by rewarding valid transit pass holders with discounts. A catch basin insert configured for sediment and also oil removal may remove some of the pollutants in runoff from this activity. Catch basin inserts require frequent maintenance to be effective. Carefully consider this when evaluating your options. Clean up oil and antifreeze spills with absorbent materials. ) See BMP Info Sheet 10 in Chapter 5 for more information. For more information or assistance in implementing these best management practices, contact the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division at [PHONE REDACTED]. Reader Note: The above requirements are the minimum required BMPs. If these BMPs fail to prevent discharges to the storm drainage system, you will be asked to take additional measures to correct the continued pollution discharges. King County Stormwater Pollution Prevention Manual January 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- 36 Outside Storage of Non-containerized Materials, By-Products or Finished Products Requirements for High-Risk Pollution-Generating Activities Description of Impacts: Description of Impacts: Description of Impacts: Description of Impacts: Description of Impacts: Stockpiles are often stored outside where they are exposed to rainfall and stormwater runoff. Erosion of storage piles and leaching of chemicals present in the stored materials can contribute contaminants to the storm drain system and nearby waterways. Erosion of solid materials contributes suspended sediment and particulates to the drainage system. Large quantities of these materials can create maintenance problems for storm drainage systems because these materials tend to deposit in low energy areas of the system and can block or damage drainage struc- tures. Suspended sediment can also contribute turbidity to down- stream waterways, which degrades water quality and can adversely impact aquatic habitat and fish spawning areas. In addition, contami- nants found in solid storage materials can leach into solution when contacted by rainwater or stormwater and thus contribute dissolved pollutants to the drainage system. Pollutants that may leach from material stockpiles include salts sodium, calcium, magnesium), organic compounds, and heavy metals. Applicability: Applicability: Applicability: Applicability: Applicability: Outside storage of non-containerized materials, by-products, or finished products including outside storage of any of the following: non-liquid pesti- cides or fertilizers; contami- nated soil; food products or food wastes; metals; building materials, including but not limited to lumber, roofing material, insulation, piping, and concrete products; or erodible materials, including but not limited to sand, gravel, road salt, topsoil, compost, excavated soil, and wood chips. 1 2 3 For projects applying for permits after January 1, 2001, the following BMPs or equivalent measures, methods, or practices are required for all outside storage of non-containerized materials, by-products or finished products: Cover the storage area to prevent contact with rainwater. Options for covering are listed below (in order of preference): • Store materials inside a building or other structure. • Construct canopy or other roof structure over storage area • Cover stockpiles with plastic sheeting or other impermeable material such as tarps. Secure covers with sand bags, tires, or other anchors to prevent wind damage. Keep covers in place whenever stockpile or storage pile is not in use. Grade, dike, or berm area outside storage areas to prevent stormwater runon from surrounding areas from entering the storage area. For large storage areas that cannot be covered, install a stormwater drainage system to collect and treat runoff from the material storage area as prescribed in the stormwater, drainage, and grading code (SMC 22.802) before discharging offsite. Grade the storage area to drain stormwater away from material stockpiles and toward a perimeter or internal collection system. Stormwater runoff must be treated if discharging to a public drainage control system. Refer to the Seattle Flow Control Technical Requirements Manual and the Stormwater Treatment Technical Requirements Manual for details on how to design stormwater drainage and treatment systems. ---PAGE BREAK--- 37 Requirements for High-Risk Pollution-Generating Activities • Outside Storage of Non-containerized Materials The following BMPs or equivalent measures, methods, or practices are required of responsible parties for all stormwater discharges from outside storage of non- containerized materials, by-products or finished products: Cover the storage area to prevent contact with rainwater. Options for covering include: • Store materials inside a building or other structure. • Construct canopy or other roof structure over storage area • Cover stockpiles with plastic sheeting or other impermeable material such as tarps. Secure covers with sand bags, tires, or other anchors to prevent wind damage. Keep covers in place whenever stockpile or storage pile is not in use. Sweep paved storage areas at least or as needed depending on site conditions to remove loose solid materials. Recycle material to the stockpile or dispose in accor- dance with applicable law. Water used to clean the storage area may not be discharged to the public drainage control system. 2. Store cleanup supplies and equipment vacuum sweepers, brooms, dust pans) at the storage area for easy access by employees. 3. Temporarilycover nearby storm drain inlets to prevent material from entering the storm drainage system when loose materials are being transferred. When transfer is com- plete, sweep the area to clean up any loose material and replace under the protective cover. If material inadvertently enters the storm drain system during transfer opera- tions, the material must be immediately removed and disposed. Figure 13: Covered Storage Area For Raw Materials Figure 14: Material Covered With Plastic Sheeting 1 2 3 4 The following BMPs are not required, but are recommended to reduce pollution: • Store erodible or leachable materials away from storm drain inlets. • Avoid stockpiling in lowlying areas where stormwater tends to accumulate. Grade the area in and around the storage piles to a minimum slope of 1.5% to prevent pooling and minimize leachate formation. • Maintain existing vegetation down gradient of material storage areas to trap suspended solids before it reaches the drainage system. • Limit access to the site to control the amount of dust and other loose material generated. Adapted from the City of Seattle's Source Control Technical Requirements Manual ---PAGE BREAK--- BMPs for Loading and Unloading Areas for Liquid or Solid Material Description of Pollutant Sources: Loading/unloading of liquid and solid materials at industrial and commercial facilities are typically conducted at shipping and receiving, outside storage, fueling areas, etc. Materials transferred can include products, raw materials, intermediate products, waste materials, fuels, scrap metals, etc. Leaks and spills of fuels, oils, powders, organics, heavy metals, salts, acids, alkalis, etc. during transfer are potential causes of stormwater contamination. Spills from hydraulic line breaks are a common problem at loading docks. Pollutant Control Approach: Cover and contain the loading/ unloading area where necessary to prevent run-on of stormwater and runoff of contaminated stormwater. Applicable Operational BMPs: At All Loading/ Unloading Areas: • A significant amount of debris can accumulate at outside, uncovered loading/unloading areas. Sweep these surfaces frequently to remove material that could otherwise be washed off by stormwater. Sweep outside areas that are covered for a period of time by containers, logs, or other material after the areas are cleared. • Place drip pans, or other appropriate temporary containment device, at locations where leaks or spills may occur such as hose connections, hose reels and filler nozzles. Drip pans shall always be used when making and breaking connections (see Figure 2.2). Check loading/ unloading equipment such as valves, pumps, flanges, and connections regularly for leaks and repair as needed. Figure 2.2 – Drip Pan February 2005 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs 2-29 Adapted from Washington State Department of Ecology's Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington ---PAGE BREAK--- At Tanker Truck and Rail Transfer Areas to Above/Below-ground Storage Tanks: • To minimize the risk of accidental spillage, prepare an "Operations Plan" that describes procedures for loading/unloading. Train the employees, especially fork lift operators, in its execution and post it or otherwise have it readily available to employees. • Report spills of reportable quantities to Ecology (refer to Section 2.1 for telephone numbers of Ecology Regional Offices). • Prepare and implement an Emergency Spill Cleanup Plan for the facility (BMP Spills of Oil and Hazardous Substances) which includes the following BMPs: − Ensure the clean up of liquid/solid spills in the loading/ unloading area immediately, if a significant spill occurs, and, upon completion of the loading/unloading activity, or, at the end of the working day. − Retain and maintain an appropriate oil spill cleanup kit on-site for rapid cleanup of material spills. (See BMP Spills of Oil and Hazardous Substances). − Ensure that an employee trained in spill containment and cleanup is present during loading/unloading. At Rail Transfer Areas to Above/below-ground Storage Tanks: Install a drip pan system as illustrated (see Figure 2.3) within the rails to collect spills/leaks from tank cars and hose connections, hose reels, and filler nozzles. Figure 2.3 – Drip Pan Within Rails 2-30 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs February 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- Loading/Unloading from/to Marine Vessels: Facilities and procedures for the loading or unloading of petroleum products must comply with Coast Guard requirements specified in Appendix IV-D R.5. Transfer of Small Quantities from Tanks and Containers: Refer to BMPs Storage of Liquids in Permanent Above-Ground Tanks, and Storage of Liquid, Food Waste, or Dangerous Waste Containers, for requirements on the transfer of small quantities from tanks and containers, respectively. Applicable Structural Source Control BMPs: At All Loading/ Unloading Areas: • Consistent with Uniform Fire Code requirements (Appendix IV-D R.2) and to the extent practicable, conduct unloading or loading of solids and liquids in a manufacturing building, under a roof, or lean-to, or other appropriate cover. • Berm, dike, and/or slope the loading/unloading area to prevent run-on of stormwater and to prevent the runoff or loss of any spilled material from the area. • Large loading areas frequently are not curbed along the shoreline. As a result, stormwater passes directly off the paved surface into surface water. Place curbs along the edge, or slope the edge such that the stormwater can flow to an internal storm drain system that leads to an approved treatment BMP. • Pave and slope loading/unloading areas to prevent the pooling of water. The use of catch basins and drain lines within the interior of the paved area must be minimized as they will frequently be covered by material, or they should be placed in designated “alleyways” that are not covered by material, containers or equipment. Recommended Structural Source Control BMP: For the transfer of pollutant liquids in areas that cannot contain a catastrophic spill, install an automatic shutoff system in case of unanticipated off-loading interruption (e.g. coupling break, hose rupture, overfill, etc.). At Loading and Unloading Docks: • Install/maintain overhangs, or door skirts that enclose the trailer end (see Figures 2.4 and 2.5) to prevent contact with rainwater. • Design the loading/unloading area with berms, sloping, etc. to prevent the run-on of stormwater. • Retain on-site the necessary materials for rapid cleanup of spills. February 2005 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs 2-31 ---PAGE BREAK--- Volume IV - Source Control BMPs February 2005 Figure 2.4 – Loading Dock with Door Skirt Figure 2.5 – Loading Dock with Overhang At Tanker Truck Transfer Areas to Above/Below-Ground Storage Tanks: • Pave the area on which the transfer takes place. If any transferred liquid, such as gasoline, is reactive with asphalt pave the area with Portland cement concrete. • Slope, berm, or dike the transfer area to a dead-end sump, spill containment sump, a spill control (SC) oil/water separator, or other spill control device. The minimum spill retention time should be 15 minutes at the greater flow rate of the highest fuel dispenser nozzle through-put rate, or the peak flow rate of the 6-month, 24-hour storm event over the surface of the containment pad, whichever is greater. The volume of the spill containment sump should be a minimum of 50 gallons with an adequate grit sedimentation volume. 2-32 ---PAGE BREAK--- BMPs for Storage of Liquid, Food Waste, or Dangerous Waste Containers Description of Pollutant Sources: Steel and plastic drums with volumetric capacities of 55 gallons or less are typically used at industrial facilities for container storage of liquids and powders. The BMPs specified below apply to container(s) located outside a building used for temporary storage of accumulated food wastes, vegetable or animal grease, used oil, liquid feedstock or cleaning chemical, or Dangerous Wastes (liquid or solid) unless the business is permitted by Ecology to store the wastes (Appendix IV-D R.4). Leaks and spills of pollutant materials during handling and storage are the primary sources of pollutants. Oil and grease, acid/alkali pH, BOD, COD are potential pollutant constituents. Pollutant Control Approach: Store containers in impervious containment under a roof or other appropriate cover, or in a building. For roll-containers (for example, dumpsters) that are picked up directly by the collection truck, a filet can be placed on both sides of the curb to facilitate moving the dumpster. If a storage area is to be used on-site for less than 30 days, a portable temporary secondary system like that shown in Figure 2.8 can be used in lieu of a permanent system as described above. Figure 2.8 – Secondary Containment System Applicable Operational BMPs: • Place tight-fitting lids on all containers. • Place drip pans beneath all mounted container taps and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of containers. • Inspect container storage areas regularly for corrosion, structural failure, spills, leaks, overfills, and failure of piping systems. Check containers daily for leaks/spills. Replace containers, and replace and tighten bungs in drums as needed. • Businesses accumulating Dangerous Wastes that do not contain free liquids need only to store these wastes in a sloped designated area with February 2005 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs 2-55 Adapted from Washington State Department of Ecology's Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington ---PAGE BREAK--- the containers elevated or otherwise protected from storm water run- on. • Drums stored in an area where unauthorized persons may gain access must be secured in a manner that prevents accidental spillage, pilferage, or any unauthorized use (see Figure 2.9). Figure 2.9 – Locking System for Drum Lid • If the material is a Dangerous Waste, the business owner must comply with any additional Ecology requirements as specified in Appendix IV-D R.3. • Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the Uniform Fire Code (Appendix IV-D R.2). • Cover dumpsters, or keep them under cover such as a lean-to, to prevent the entry of stormwater. Replace or repair leaking garbage dumpsters. • Drain dumpsters and/or dumpster pads to sanitary sewer. Keep dumpster lids closed. Install waterproof liners. Applicable Structural Source Control BMPs: • Keep containers with Dangerous Waste, food waste, or other potential pollutant liquids inside a building unless this is impracticable due to site constraints or Uniform Fire Code requirements. • Store containers in a designated area, which is covered, bermed or diked, paved and impervious in order to contain leaks and spills (see Figure 2.10). The secondary containment shall be sloped to drain into a dead-end sump for the collection of leaks and small spills. • For liquid wastes, surround the containers with a dike as illustrated in Figure 2.10. The dike must be of sufficient height to provide a volume of either 10 percent of the total enclosed container volume or 110 percent of the volume contained in the largest container, whichever is greater, or, if a single container, 110 percent of the volume of that container. 2-56 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs February 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- Figure 2.10 – Covered and Bermed Containment Area • Where material is temporarily stored in drums, a containment system can be used as illustrated, in lieu of the above system (see Figure 2.8). • Place containers mounted for direct removal of a liquid chemical for use by employees inside a containment area as described above. Use a drip pan during liquid transfer (see Figure 2.11). Figure 2.11 – Mounted Container - with drip pan Applicable Treatment BMP: • For contaminated stormwater in the containment area, connect the sump outlet to a sanitary sewer, if approved by the local Sewer Authority, or to appropriate treatment such as an API or CP oil/water separator, catch basin filter or other appropriate system (see Volume Equip the sump outlet with a normally closed valve to prevent the release of spilled or leaked liquids, especially flammables (compliance with Fire Codes), and dangerous liquids. This valve may be opened only for the conveyance of contaminated stormwater to treatment. Note that a treatment BMP is applicable for contaminated stormwater from drum storage areas. • Another option for discharge of contaminated stormwater is to pump it from a dead-end sump or catchment to a tank truck or other appropriate vehicle for off-site treatment and/or disposal. February 2005 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs 2-57 ---PAGE BREAK--- BMPs for Washing and Steam Cleaning Vehicles/ Equipment/ Building Structures Description of Pollutant Sources: Vehicles, aircraft, vessels, and transportation, restaurant cooking, carpet cleaning, and industrial equipment, and large buildings may be commercially cleaned with low or high pressure water or steam. This includes frequent “charity” car washes at gas stations and commercial parking lots. The cleaning can include hand washing, scrubbing, sanding, etc. Washwater from cleaning activities can contain oil and grease, suspended solids, heavy metals, soluble organics, soaps, and detergents that can contaminate stormwater. Pollutant Control Approach: The preferred approach is to cover and/or contain the cleaning activity, or conduct the activity inside a building, to separate the uncontaminated stormwater from the pollutant sources. Washwater must be conveyed to a sanitary sewer after approval by the local sewer authority, temporarily stored before proper disposal, or recycled, with no discharge to the ground, to a storm drain, or to surface water. Washwater may be discharged to the ground after proper treatment in accordance with Ecology guidance WQ-95-056, “Vehicle and Equipment Washwater Discharges,” June 1995. The quality of any discharge to the ground after proper treatment must comply with Ecology’s Ground Water Quality Standards, Chapter 173-200 WAC. Contact the local Ecology Regional Office for an NPDES Permit application for discharge of washwater to surface water or to a storm drain after on-site treatment. Applicable Structural Source Control BMPs: Conduct vehicle/ equipment washing in one of the following locations: • At a commercial washing facility in which the washing occurs in an enclosure and drains to the sanitary sewer, or • In a building constructed specifically for washing of vehicles and equipment, which drains to a sanitary sewer. Conduct outside washing operation in a designated wash area with the following features: • In a paved area, constructed as a spill containment pad to prevent the run-on of stormwater from adjacent areas. Slope the spill containment area so that washwater is collected in a containment pad drain system with perimeter drains, trench drains or catchment drains. Size the containment pad to extend out a minimum of four feet on all sides of the vehicles and/or equipment being washed. • Convey the washwater to a sump (like a grit separator) and then to a sanitary sewer (if allowed by the local Sewer Authority), or other appropriate wastewater treatment or recycle system. An NPDES permit may be required for any washwater discharge to a storm drain or receiving water after treatment. Contact the Ecology regional office for NPDES Permit requirements. 2-64 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs February 2005 Adapted from Washington State Department of Ecology's Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington ---PAGE BREAK--- • The containment sump must have a positive control outlet valve for spill control with live containment volume, and oil/water separation. Size the minimum live storage volume to contain the maximum expected daily washwater flow plus the sludge storage volume below the outlet pipe. The outlet valve will be shut during the washing cycle to collect the washwater in the sump. The valve should remain shut for at least two hours following the washing operation to allow the oil and solids to separate before discharge to a sanitary sewer. (See Ecology Publication WQ-95-056) Note that the purpose of the valve is to convey only washwater and contaminated stormwater to a treatment system. • The inlet valve in the discharge pipe should be closed when washing is not occurring, thereby preventing the entry of uncontaminated stormwater into the pretreatment/ treatment system. The stormwater can then drain into the conveyance/discharge system outside of the wash pad (essentially bypasses the washwater treatment/conveyance system). Post signs to inform people of the operation and purpose of the valve. Clean the concrete pad thoroughly until there is no foam or visible sheen in the washwater prior to closing the inlet valve and allowing uncontaminated stormwater to overflow and drain off the pad. (See Figure 2.15) • Collect the washwater from building structures and convey it to appropriate treatment such as a sanitary sewer system if it contains oils, soaps, or detergents, where feasible. If the washwater does not contain oils, soaps, or detergents then it could drain to soils that have sufficient natural attenuation capacity for dust and sediment. Recommended Additional BMPs: • The wash area should be well marked at gas stations, multi-family residences and any other business where non-employees wash vehicles. • For uncovered wash pads, the positive control outlet valve may be manually operated, but a pneumatic or electric valve system is preferable. The valve may be on a timer circuit where it is opened upon completion of a wash cycle. The timer would then close the valve after the sump or separator is drained (Figure 2.15). • Use phosphate-free biodegradable detergents when practicable. • Consider recycling the washwater. February 2005 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs 2-65 ---PAGE BREAK--- Figure 2.15 – Uncovered Wash Area • Because soluble/emulsifiable detergents can be used in the wash medium, the selection of soaps and detergents and treatment BMPs should be considered carefully. Oil/water separators are ineffective in removing emulsified or water soluble detergents. Exceptions • At gas stations (for charity car washes) or commercial parking lots, where it is not possible to discharge the washwater to a sanitary sewer, a temporary plug or a temporary sump pump can be used at the storm drain to collect the washwater for off-site disposal such as to a nearby sanitary sewer. • New and used car dealerships may wash vehicles in the parking stalls as long as a temporary plug system is used to collect the washwater for disposal as stated above, or an approved treatment system for the washwater is in place. At industrial sites contact the local Ecology Regional Office for NPDES Permit requirements even if soaps, detergents, and/or other chemical cleaners are not used in washing trucks. 2-66 Volume IV - Source Control BMPs February 2005 ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX C: VISUAL INSPECTION FORMS This appendix contains the following visual inspection forms:  Wet Weather Visual Inspection Form  Dry Weather Visual Inspection Form. ---PAGE BREAK--- Indicator (Check if Present) Description & Relative Severity Index
Sewage (Toilet Paper, etc.)
Suds
Petroleum (oil sheen)
Other:
Few/slight; origin not obvious
Some; indications of origin possible suds or oil origin)
Some; origin clear obvious oil sheen, suds, or floating sanitary materials)
Foam
Suds
Pollen
Organic matter
Other:
Sheen
Rainbow Hue
Turbidity
Slight Cloudiness
Cloudy
Opaque
Sewage
Rancid/sour
Petroleum/gas
Sulfide
Other:
Faint
Easily detected
Noticeable from a distance
Clear
Brown
Gray
Yellow
Green
Orange
Red
Other:
Faint Color
Dark Color
Flow
Trickle
Moderate
Substantial Indicator (Check if Present) Description & Relative Severity Index
Sewage (Toilet Paper, etc.)
Suds
Petroleum (oil sheen)
Other:
Few/slight; origin not obvious
Some; indications of origin possible suds or oil origin)
Some; origin clear obvious oil sheen, suds, or floating sanitary materials)
Foam
Suds
Pollen
Organic matter
Other:
Sheen
Rainbow Hue
Turbidity
Slight Cloudiness
Cloudy
Opaque
Sewage
Rancid/sour
Petroleum/gas
Sulfide
Other:
Faint
Easily detected
Noticeable from a distance
Clear
Brown
Gray
Yellow
Green
Orange
Red
Other:
Faint Color
Dark Color
Flow
Trickle
Moderate
Substantial MON-1 Completed
Floatables
Odor
Odor
Discoloration Additional Notes or Descriptions:
Discoloration Additional Notes or Descriptions: Visual Inspection Form MON-2 Completed
Floatables ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX D: ANNUAL BMP EVALUATION FORM This appendix contains the Annual BMP Evaluation Form. ---PAGE BREAK--- City of Puyallup Public Works Maintenance Facility Annual BMP Evaluation Completed Activity Reference & Description Satisfactory? Additional Notes/Action Needed Good Housekeeping: 1) Routine Sweeping of Paved Surfaces 2) Periodic Cleanup of Debris and Old Equipment 3) Regular Removal of Trash and Garbage 4) Routine Inspection for Leaks or Spills 5) Waste and Material Minimization Programs 6) Prevention of Bulk Material Piles from Eroding, such as using covers or berms, as applicable 7) Prevention of run-on and runoff Storage of Liquid Materials in Stationary Tanks: 1) Placement of drip pans or absorbent materials beneath all mounted taps and at all potential drip and spill locations during filling and unloading of tanks. 2) Areas swept and cleaned as needed, and not hosed down to the storm drain. 3) Daily check for tank leaks and spills. Proper time frame of replacing leaking or corroding tanks. 4) Regular inspections of spill control devices to remove separated floatables. 5) Applicable activity sheet is placed in building for easy reference. Storage of Soil, Sand and Other Erodible Materials: 1) Store materials under cover 2) Provide secondary containment for materials stored in containers and for transferring 3) Store used oil underground Storage of Solid Waste and/or Food Wastes: 1) Remove material on slab into dumpsters frequently throughout the day 2) Empty dumpsters when full or at least every 2 weeks ---PAGE BREAK--- City of Puyallup Public Works Maintenance Facility Annual BMP Evaluation Storage of Scrap and Recycling Materials: 1) Remove materials that are no longer needed. 2) Store as much material under cover as possible Vehicle and Equipment Parking and Storage: 1) Ensure vehicles and equipment is not leaking 2) Park vehicles and equipment under cover ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX E: SPILL RESPONSE PLAN FORM This appendix contains the Spill Response Plan Form. ---PAGE BREAK--- City of Puyallup Public Works Maintenance Facility Spill Response Reporting Form Report Date: Submitted By: Day Phone: Division: Time initial call to PWEM was made: Location of Spill: *Attach diagram or draw on back of form.? Responsible Agency/Division: Priority: (we should list options…) 3=major… Call List: Who else was called? List parties called with names and phone numbers. Problem: What happened? Describe material characteristics, including quantity. Describe where spill was entering (storm/sewer drains) if applicable. If known, check the appropriate box:
Non-Stormwater Discharge
Illicit Connections
Illicit Discharge
Illicit Dumping
Spill Actions Taken: Who came on site? How was spill containment/cleanup handled? Additional Comments: ---PAGE BREAK--- APPENDIX F: SRP FLOW DIAGRAM This appendix contains the SRP Flow Diagram ---PAGE BREAK--- DRAFT 12/2/2009 ONDER Public Works person notifies Stormwater Quality Specialist Can you identify material? Is it hazardous? Consider it to be hazardous Call Fire Dept 911 Call your supervisor Call Puyallup Emergency Operations Center (253) 770-3336 Do you have materials available to contain the spill? Contain the spill, preventing it from entering storm drains Wait for Fire Dept to arrive, keep public away from area You witness a spill or encounter spilled material Call Public Works (253) 841-5505 Stormwater Quality Specialist interviews First Responder and /or Public Works staff to document spill response in CarteGraph Call Public Works (253) 841-5505 (253) 841-5431 (after hours) Keep public away from spill. Stay on site until Public Works arrives. Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department (253) 798-6500 Pierce County Dept of Emergency Management (253) 798-7470 Ecology Ph: 1-800-OILS-911 and 1- [PHONE REDACTED] Public Works (253) 841-5505 YES YES NO YES NO NO EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER / PUBLIC WORKS FIRST RESPONDER EOC performs necessary notifications Notify affected property owners