Full Text
City of Kalispell – Planning Department Prepared by A&E Design 36 2nd Street East Kalispell, MT 59901 Companion document to Zoning Regulations, Chapter 27.21A, Downtown Historic District Design Standards July 2021 DESIGN GUIDELINES Downtown Kalispell Historic District Overlay ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 1 Design Guidelines Downtown Kalispell Historic District Overlay Table of Contents 1 Applicability 2 Statement of Significance 4 Preservation Principals 5 Design Guidelines All Projects in the Downtown Historic District Overlay 6 Parking Structures in the Downtown Historic District Overlay 9 House Form Buildings Converted to Commercial Use in the Downtown Historic District Overlay 10 Energy Sustainability in the Downtown Historic District Overlay 11 Color Palettes for Existing and New Construction within the Main Street Historic District 12 New Construction within the Main Street Historic District 14 Existing Buildings within the Main Street Historic District 17 Community Murals within the Main Street Historic District 25 Appendix 26 Glossary 27 ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 2 Applicability These Design Guidelines provide information on tasks and responsibilities for projects within the Downtown Historic District Overlay as outlined in Kalispell Municipal Code, Chapter 27.21A, Downtown Historic District Design Standards. Every project is different, some projects within the Downtown Historic District Overlay may not have to comply with Design Guidelines. 1) Removal or Disturbance of Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) Pre-1987 buildings may have plumbing piping and equipment insulated with asbestos or may contain walls, floors, ceiling tiles, roofing, etc. made with an ACM. Prior to permit, an asbestos assessment is required to determine whether the site is asbestos free, has a minimally acceptable amount of ACM to not be an Asbestos Project, or requires asbestos abatement per State of Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) rules and regulations. 2) Emergency Work Emergency work may be performed by licensed contractors prior to retrieving a permit, so long as it is submitted within two business days after work commences and includes a description of the emergency condition and mitigating measures taken. Emergency work, as it relates to façade projects, may include but not be limited to: a. Stabilization of unsafe structural conditions. b. Erection of sidewalk sheds, fences, or other similar structures to protect the public from an unsafe condition. 3) Ordinary Repair or Maintenance Replacement or renewal of existing systems in a building, or of parts of the service equipment made in the ordinary course of maintenance and that do not in any way affect health or the fire or structural safety of the building or the safe use and operation of the service equipment therein. Ordinary repairs include the repair or replacement of plumbing fixtures, piping, or faucets. Work NOT constituting ordinary repairs or maintenance include: a. Cutting away of any load bearing or required fire-rated wall, floor, or roof construction, as it relates to the building exterior. b. Removal, cutting, or modification of beams or structural element that affects the building envelope. c. Removal, replacement, change, or closing of any exit door, including storefronts, or replacement of any parts of the building exterior affecting occupant loading or exits d. Alteration or repair of the building façade, including but not limited to brick and masonry repair, abrasive and/or comprehensive cleaning of the building, stripping paint finishes, painting, and window repair or replacement. e. Any other work affecting health, fire, or structural safety of the building or the safe use and operation of the service necessary to the continued life, health, and safety of building occupants and operations as any of these elements affect the exterior of the building. f. Any form of energy conservation or generation measure visible to or impacting the building exterior. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 3 Historic postcards of looking down Main Street, Kalispell; note the changes over time. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 4 Statement of Significance The Main Street Commercial Historic District is composed of several blocks of the downtown commercial area of Kalispell. Kalispell's Main Street Historic District is locally significant for its association with important events that include the construction of the Great Northern Railroad in the early 1890s and the city's designation as a County Seat in 1893. These and other important events spurred the city's early growth and development. The district is also significant as it embodies distinctive characteristics of an architectural type, period, and method of construction. The district is an intact collection of late nineteenth and early twentieth century buildings with uniform integrity. Many were designed and constructed by architects and contractors who had an enormous influence on the city's physical development through the design and construction of buildings. Some buildings were designed by individuals who were considered masters in their field, and not only influenced the physical development of Kalispell, but of Western and Central Montana, and areas throughout the Northwest. The buildings characterize Kalispell's early community development, the stability of the downtown, and the pride of the community, all of which stimulated the city's economic growth. The district retains good overall historic integrity in terms of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. -Kalispell Main Street Commercial Historic District National Register of Historic Places Registration Form excerpt. Period of Significance: The period between 1891 to 1960, the time during which Kalispell gained its most architectural and historical importance. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 5 Preservation Principles The least level of intervention is always preferred. Retain the highest degree of integrity for your building. Reference The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings. Below is a list of preservation principles that apply to all buildings, including new construction. 1) Respect the historic design character of the building. Do not try to change its style or make the building appear or look older than its date of construction. Confusing historic design character can cause a false sense of history. 2) Seek uses that are compatible with the historic use of the building. Every reasonable effort should be made to provide a compatible use for the building that will require minimal alteration to the historic building. 3) Consider the impacts that a change of use has on the historic building and code-required compliance that impact preservation, restoration, and adaptive reuse. 4) Design and uses can be developed that respect the historic integrity of the building while accommodating new functions. Radical changes in use may result in loss of significant features. 5) Protect and maintain architectural features and stylistic elements of the building. Those features or elements include craftsmanship that should be treated with sensitivity. When in doubt, the best preservation principle is to maintain historic features from the outset. 6) Preserve existing architectural features and original building materials, including original site features. Preserve original doors, windows, pediments, storefronts, awnings, porches, and other features that make the historic property unique from all others. 7) Repair deteriorated historic features or replace historic features with similar or matching elements where they cannot be repaired. If disassembly is necessary for repair or restoration, use methods that minimize damage to original materials and the replacement of original configuration. Integrity In addition to the Period of Significance, The Secretary of Interior Standards recognizes a property’s integrity through seven aspects or qualities. Location Location is the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event took place. Integrity of location refers to whether the property has been moved or relocated since its construction. A property is considered to have integrity of location if it was moved before or during its period of significance. Design Design is the composition of elements that constitute the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property. But properties change through time. Changes made to continue the function of the aid during its career may acquire significance in their own right. These changes do not necessarily constitute a loss of integrity of design. However, the removal of essential parts may have a considerable impact on the property. Setting Setting is the physical environment of an historic property that illustrates the character of the place. Materials Materials are the physical elements combined in a particular pattern or configuration during a period in the past. Integrity of materials determines whether or not an authentic historic resource still exists. Workmanship Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period of history. Workmanship is important because it can furnish evidence of the technology of the craft, illustrate the aesthetic principles of an historic period, and reveal individual, local, regional, or national applications of both technological practices and aesthetic principles. Feeling Feeling is the quality that an historic property has in evoking the aesthetic or historic sense of a past period of time. Although it is itself intangible, feeling is dependent upon the property’s significant physical characteristics that convey its historic qualities. Association Association is the direct link between a property and the event or person for which the property is significant. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 6 Design Guidelines for All Projects in the Downtown Historic District Overlay For all projects in the Downtown Historic District Overlay, it is appropriate to: 1) Retain the distinctive historic architectural character of the building through proper regular maintenance and repair. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 47, Maintaining the Exterior of Small and Medium Size Historic Buildings. 2) Repair and restore the historic building before considering replacing it. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 35, Understanding Old Buildings: The Process of Architectural Investigation. 3) Comply with The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings. Reference Appendix for more information. 4) Maintain the street-level storefront, sense of pedestrian scale, and detail. 5) Conduct exterior cleaning operations including chemical and non-abrasive cleaning and paint removal in accordance with best practices and local and state regulations. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 1, Cleaning and Water-Repellent Treatments for Historic Masonry Buildings and Preservation Brief 6, Danger of Abrasive Cleaning to Historic Buildings. 6) Provide visual breaks between floor levels on the building elevation or façade. 7) Include details complementary to the existing building on all additions. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 14, New Exterior Additions to Historic Buildings: Preservation Concerns. Stepped back new story addition. Awning, façade with visual breaks at floors. Storefront, common materials, historic detail. Pedestrian scale. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 7 8) Create ornament and detail for additions that are compatible with the existing building. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 17, Architectural Character – Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving their Character. 9) Design additions that are in scale and compatible with the existing building. 10) Step back new story additions above the prevalent parapet line of the existing building. 11) Preserve the character of existing buildings when adapting them to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards, Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) Standards, and/or International Building Code (IBC) regarding barrier free access. Provide barrier free ramps without railings if possible, install barrier free hardware integrated into the design. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 32, Making Historic Properties Accessible. 12) Use a variety of materials, especially materials similar to adjacent existing buildings, to create scale and interest. 13) Use exterior materials and finishes that are dominant or commonly present in the Downtown Historic District Overlay and have a history of longevity and durability in our climate. 14) Design new construction that is compatible with historic buildings in the Main Street Historic District but distinguishes itself from historic resource without creating a false sense of history. 15) Include retractable awnings and fixed overhangs at street level within the Main Street Historic District. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 44, The Use of Awnings on Historic Buildings: Repair, Replacement, and New Design. Fixed overhang. Retractable awning. Barrier free ramp. Barrier free stair and ramp. Compatible, stepped back, new addition. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 8 16) Locate utility and service areas in the alley or incorporate them into the architecture of the building. 17) Screen roof top equipment so it is not prominently visible from the street or sidewalk. Screened roof top equipment. Utility and service area in alley. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 9 Design Guidelines for Parking Structures in the Downtown Historic District Overlay For parking structures, it is appropriate to: 1) Incorporate ground-floor features that promote a pedestrian environment. a) At street level, include retail or commercial space that engages the pedestrian. 2) Design parking structures to be compatible with the scale, massing, and of buildings in the area. a) Use vertical and horizontal articulation to divide the structure and conform with adjacent buildings. b) Vertical pedestrian circulation can be a change of material or offset from the façade or elevation. c) Angled ramps within should be screened from view from streets or sidewalks. 3) Minimize the visual impact of parked cars in upper levels facing the street. a) Include openings that have a and scale similar to buildings in the area. b) Provide durable screens and decorative materials that add visual interest to upper-level openings, provide a sense of security, and minimize headlight glare onto adjacent buildings. Parking structure with street level commercial. Durable, secure screen, of openings. Parking structure compatible with adjacent. Parking structure entry with street level retail. Ramp, parked cars screened from street view. High-rise, street access to parking structure. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 10 Design Guidelines for House Form Buildings Converted to Commercial Use in the Downtown Historic District Overlay For house form buildings converted to commercial use, it is appropriate to: 1) Preserve and maintain features and elements that relate to architectural style, including: a) Porches, windows and doors, columns, brackets, exposed rafter tails, wall and roof finishes including material type, size and orientation, paint colors, and jigsaw ornaments. 2) Avoid adding materials, elements, or details that were not part of the existing building, as it creates a false sense of history. 3) Design new additions to be congruous with the existing building, a product of its own time, and distinguishable from the existing building. a) Preserve and relate to the established massing, scale, and orientation of the existing. b) Be subordinate to and set back from the primary façade. c) Relate roof shape and orientation to existing. d) New dormer(s) shall be proportional in scale to the original dormers and the scale of the original roof. e) Employ windows that are congruous with existing. f) Distinguish the new addition from the existing by a change in material or a decorative band. g) Locate accessibility elements (ramps) visible to the front of the building, yet not obscuring original entry and integral to the existing house form building. h) Maintain significant site features, such as trees, site walls, fences, and outbuildings. Addition subordinate, roof shape, materials. New addition congruous with existing building. Addition subordinate, compatible. Barrier free design, accessible ramp. Barrier free design, accessible ramp. Compatible addition. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 11 Design Guidelines for Energy Sustainability in the Downtown Historic District Overlay When considering energy sustainability, in addition to guidelines given in The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings, it is appropriate to employ sustainable design features that: 1) Maximize solar gain potential to the greatest extent possible while maintaining building roof form and orientation. 2) Design thermal storage walls to be compatible with patterns in the area. 3) Locate utilities and energy conserving/generating systems where they will not damage, obscure, or cause removal of historically significant features or materials. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 3, Improving Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings. PV screened from view. PV in subordinate location. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 12 Color Palettes for Existing and New Construction within the Main Street Historic District Buildings often follow architectural design movements or schools of thought and emerge as an identifiable architectural style. Color, in relation to the architectural style, is a fundamental tool to intensify or diminish the presence of elements and facilitate, compliment, and complete the design. Paint colors then relate to the architectural styles, which relate to the time period the building was constructed. Generally, the Main Street Historic District reflects the evolution of façade designs for commercial construction that were popular between 1891 and 1960, the time during which Kalispell gained its most architectural and historical importance. When considering paint colors and color palettes, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings, and Technical Preservation Services of the National Park Service Preservation Briefs provide guidance and recommendations. Generally, it is appropriate to: 1) Maintain existing colors or change paint colors based on historic documentation, historic photos, or paint analysis for existing buildings. 2) Select colors and color palettes for new buildings that maintain and complement colors in the Historic District. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 13 3) Use an exterior color palette based on the era in which the building was constructed. Era-based color palettes are available from several paint manufacturers. v Historic color examples in a downtown, urban setting. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 14 Horizontal, vertical articulation. Design Guidelines for New Construction within the Main Street Historic District For new construction within the Main Street Historic District, it is appropriate to: 1) Respect established building location, lot coverage, and open space patterns. a) Be compatible with the historic lot coverage in the area. b) Follow general pattern or open space or relationship with the street and sidewalk in the area. c) Reflect established setback patterns. d) Maintain the street wall and alignment of historic building façades in the context of the area. 2) Maintain the overall mass and scale of historic building patterns along the street. a) Incorporate floor-to-floor heights that appear similar to those in adjacent historic buildings. b) Consider the tripartite building form of the street-facing elevations, where the ground floor differs from upper floors, which then differ from the treatment of the top cornice. c) Use horizontal and vertical elements to articulate the façade. d) Design a commercial façade composed of patterns and similar to historic buildings. e) Include details to continue the human scale in the area. f) Incorporate window heights and arrangements that, in general, align with adjacent buildings and continue the and pattern of other street-facing windows. g) Articulate massing on primary street elevations. h) Match grade of adjacent historic buildings at street level and provide barrier free design i) Use roof forms compatible to those in the area. Streetwall alignment, tripartite. Roof form, window pattern, grade. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 15 3) In new construction adjacent or adjoining residential areas, step the massing and scale down on commercial buildings. 4) Include windows, doors, and other features compatible with those in the area. a) Use clear glass or clear low-e glass rather than spandrel, mirrored, or tinted glass at street level; stained and leaded glass may be used where appropriate. b) Use wood, metal, or aluminum storefronts with height, scale, and proportion that convey a sense of human scale and visual interest along the street. c) Consider the use of street front retractable awnings and fixed overhangs. d) Consider typical upper-story window pattern, and arched windows. 5) Use materials of similar scale, size, patterns, colors, textures, and finishes as those in the area. Use new materials to maintain established horizontal and vertical of historic building patterns along the street. 6) Respect character-defining features of historic buildings in the area. 7) Design new construction to be current to the era. Awning, materials, window pattern, Arched windows pattern, floor to floor height. Current era construction, floor to floor heights, storefront, i Current era construction, floor to floor heights, color, tripartite. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 16 ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 17 Design Guidelines for Existing Buildings within the Main Street Historic District Based on the 1994 Kalispell Main Street Historic District National Register Nomination and the 2010 Kalispell Main Street Historic District National Register Nomination Addendum and Boundary Increase, 77 buildings were identified in the Main Street Historic District. Of those 56 buildings were identified as a contributing resource to the historic character of the Main Street Historic District. Ten of the 56 contributing resources are individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places. # ADDRESS HISTORIC NAME DATE STATUS 1 34, 40 Main Street & Sawyer Block 1903 Contributing 2 48 Main Street Block & Opera House 1896 Contributing 3 100 Main Street Kalispell Hotel 1911 Contributing 4 110, 116 Main Street Halliday-Boysen Block 1928 Contributing 5 117 Main Street Brust Building 1928 Contributing 6 118,120 Main Street Brewery Saloon / The Palm 1892/1901 Individually Listed 7 123 Main Street Wilson’s Café 1891, 1903 Contributing 8 124 Main Street Edwards Block 1899 Contributing 9 127 Main Street Jordan’s Café 1901 Contributing 10 128 Main Street Kalispell Meat Market 1908 Contributing 11 131 Main Street Todd’s Bakery 1899 Contributing 12 135 Main Street Eagle Shoe Company 1903-10 Contributing 13 136 Main Street Kalispell Drug Company 1908 Contributing 14 139 Main Street First National Bank 1891 Contributing 15 140 Main Street Heller Building (Pastime Bar) 1898 Individually Listed 16 141, 149 Main Street Ford Block Building 1898 Contributing 17 214-218 Main Street Woolworth Company 1955 Contributing 18 217 Main Street Adams Block (north) 1895 Contributing 19 219 Main Street Adams Block (south addition) 1901 Contributing 20 221 Main Street Calbick Block 1906 Contributing 21 222 Main Street Anderson Style Shop 1941 Individually Listed 22 226-228 Main Street Knight & Twining Block 1901 Contributing 23 227 Main Street Fair Department Store 1901 Contributing 24 231 Main Street Karcher-Duvall Building 1908 Contributing 25 233-235 Main Street Frohlicher Building 1955 Contributing ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 18 # ADDRESS HISTORIC NAME DATE STATUS 26 237 Main Street K&E Building / Knight & Twining Block 1908 Contributing 27 241, 245 Main Street Masonic Temple 1905 Contributing 28 301-309 Main Street Whipps Block 1904 & 1909 Contributing 29 317, 319 Main Street Kalispell Nash Motor Company 1923-1924 Contributing 30 318, 320 Main Street Griffin Block 1891-1894 Contributing 31 322, 324 Main Street Cyr Building 1936 Contributing 32 323 Main Street O’Neil Print Ship 1926 Contributing 33 325, 327 Main Street Gambles Store 1946 Contributing 34 332 Main Street Kalispell Times Block 1891-1894 Contributing 35 333 Main Street Montgomery Ward Store 1929 Contributing 36 338-340 Main Street Sauser-Mercord Building 1901 (north) 1925 (south) Individually Listed 37 412 Main Street Henrickson Motors 1915 Contributing 38 418 Main Street Henrickson Motors ca. 1955 Contributing 39 424 Main Street O’Neil Timber Company Office 1909 Individually Listed 40 7 1st Ave East Kalispell Monumental Company 1911 Individually Listed 41 35 1st Ave East Continental Oil Company Filling Station 1932 Individually Listed 42 120 1st Ave East Liberty Theater 1920 Contributing 43 121 1st Ave East Kalispell-American Laundry 1919 Individually Listed 44 128 1st Ave East State Employment Service 1950-1955 Contributing 45 131 1st Ave East Johnson Finance Company 1920-1927 Contributing 46 133 1st Ave East Keller Building 1899-1903 Contributing 47 136-142 1st Ave East Hotel Montana / McKnight Block 1910 Contributing 48 200-224 1st Ave East KM Building (Missoula Mercantile / Kalispell Mercantile) 1894-1910 Contributing 49 233-247 1st Ave East Federal Building / Flathead County Library 1917 Individually Listed 50 301-307 1st Ave East Glacier Building ca. 1955 Contributing 51 312 1st Ave East City Water Department 1927 Individually Listed 52 315 1st Ave East Saverud’s Paint Shop 1903-1910 Contributing 53 345, 347 1st Ave East IOOF Temple (Independent Order of Odd Fellows) 1927-1940 Contributing 54 400 1st Ave East Henry Good’s Garage ca. 1928 Contributing 55 401 1st Ave East City Service Station 1931 Contributing 56 118, 120 2nd Street East Strand Theatre 1903-1910 & ca. 1920 Contributing ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 19 The best preservation procedure for existing buildings is to maintain significant stylistic and architectural features from the outset. For existing buildings within the Main Street Historic District, it is appropriate to maintain, restore, and/or preserve: 1) Historic buildings before considering replacing them. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 35, Understanding Old Buildings: The Process of Architectural Investigation. 2) Historic materials, such as masonry, concrete, cut stone and stone panels, native stone, terra-cotta, wood, cast iron, glass block, copper, and tin. 3) Original design and/or architectural style, architectural details, and embellishments. 4) Original window patterns and When replacement of an original window is necessary, match the replacement design to the original historic condition. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 9, The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows. 5) Original entry doors, recessed entrances, wood or metal storefronts, and details for commercial display windows, including the location of the main entrance. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 11, Exterior Paint Problems on Historic Woodwork. 6) Tripartite building form of the street-facing elevations where the ground floor differs from upper floors, which then differ from the treatment of the top cornice. 7) Building cornices, pilasters, entablatures, water tables, belt courses, windowsills, keystones, arched window openings, and decorative detailing and brickwork. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 17, Architectural Character – Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving their Character. Architectural style and architectural detail examples. Masonry belt course, pilasters, and cornice. Recessed entry, commercial windows, brick. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 20 When considering maintenance that includes the repair of historic materials and features rather than extensive replacement, or improvements that includes the physical alteration of an existing building or an addition to an existing building in the Main Street Historic District, it is appropriate to: 1) Recreate missing, damaged, or deteriorated details based on historic photographs and research. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 16, The Use of Substitute Materials on Historic Building Exteriors. 2) Remove non-original, non-historic, and/or out-of-scale elements added to the historic building, including those in poor repair. 3) Use modern materials and finishes fitting to the historic period of construction. 4) Maintain, repair, or restore historic windows and their original operation; original windows are character- defining features. Single-pane glass can be removed, and window sashes modified to accept insulated glass. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 9, The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows. 5) Remove non-historic windows and replace them with windows matching historic conditions, including window type, divide light pattern, materials, and operation. 6) Preserve and restore the historic storefronts where they exist. Single-pane glass can be removed, and frames modified to accept insulated glass. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 11, Rehabilitating Historic Storefronts. 7) Remove and replace non-historic storefronts with new based on historic photographs or other evidence. 8) Do not remove or alter style-defining features or other architectural features that are in good condition or that can be repaired. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 17, Architectural Character – Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic buildings as an Aid to Preserving their Character. Restored upper story and storefront transom windows. Preserved historic storefronts. Maintenance helps preserve the integrity of historic structures. As referenced throughout the Design Guidelines, the National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services, has developed a series of publications on specific subjects of historic preservation, and rehabilitation of historic buildings. Reference the Appendix for a list of a few National Park Service Preservation Briefs that discuss common maintenance issues, including repointing mortar joints, improving energy efficiency, roofing, abrasive cleaning, paint problems, repair of wood windows, use of substitute materials, new exterior additions, making historic properties accessible, removing graffiti, and similar maintenance measures. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 21 9) Install street front retractable awnings and fixed overhangs based on materials consistent with the historic period of construction. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 44, The Use of Awnings on Historic Buildings: Repair, Replacement and New Design. 10) Conduct brick repair and repointing efforts including the localized removal and replacement of damaged and deteriorated brick. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 2, Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry Buildings. 11) Take appropriate measures to preserve, protect, and restore historic signs including ghost signs. Reference National Park Service, Preservation Brief 25, The Preservation of Historic Ghost Signs. Before window restoration. After window restoration. Before masonry restoration. After masonry restoration. Hanging, projecting sign. Historic ghost sign. Flat building sign. Historic building sign. Awnings, historic arched windows. Metal, standing seam, fixed overhang. Fixed, historic overhang. Retractable awning. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 22 12) Repaint a previously painted historic building congruent with the architectural characteristics of the existing building, including the appearance, and integrity of the existing building. Repainted street front. Repainted side elevation. Repainted street frontfronts. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 23 When considering maintenance or improvements to existing buildings in the Main Street Historic District, it is not appropriate to: 1) Cover, clad over, or board up historic elements, materials, and details with non-historic materials. Where non-historic coverings or claddings exist, they should be removed, and historic materials and finishes restored in an appropriate manner. 2) Cover deteriorating historic materials with modern materials 3) Remove and replace windows with vinyl windows and/or use bare/mill finish aluminum for storm windows. 4) Infill or reduce the size of original window openings. 5) Remove and replace historic windows or doors with incongruent sizes or shapes or operation that differ from the historic condition. 6) Reconfigure ground-floor storefronts to a configuration that is out of scale, proportion, or location from the building’s historic condition. Removed historic windows. Infilled storefront, removed arched windows. Covered historic elements and materials. Removed historic windows. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 24 When considering additions to buildings in the Main Street Historic District, it is appropriate to: 1) Include features, and patterns of the existing original building and use similar proportions, scale, and dimensions, including: a) Building foundation heights. b) Floor-to-floor heights and overall building height. c) Match grade of adjacent historic buildings at street level. d) Oriented entry to be consistent with established patterns of the area. e) Entry location and size. f) Window location, size, and g) Scale and articulation of architectural elements, such as water tables, pilasters, belt courses, balconies and awnings, windowsills and lintels, roof cornices, etc. h) Horizontal architectural elements on street-facing façades between the floors. i) Contribute to the character of the existing building. 2) Design additions to existing buildings to be congruous with the existing building. 3) Respect character-defining features of existing buildings in the area. 4) Addition to be current to the era of construction. 5) Maintain the integrity and character of the existing building design and architecture. a) The addition should be subordinate to the existing building. b) Locate the addition at the rear or set back from the main façade or roof parapet. c) Relate the roof and roof orientation of the addition to the existing building. Rear addition, current era construction. Addition set back from main façade. Window location and materials. Orientation, entry, horizontal elements. Similar proportion and scaled addition. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 25 Community Wall Murals within the Main Street Historic District Community murals often grow from an effort to enhance a community through deliberate planning. With their position in the Main Street Historic District, it is generally appropriate for community murals to: 1) Coordinate with the building owner, neighbors, artist, community members, city agencies and departments with an enforcement responsibility, and other partners. 2) Utilize durable paints, materials, and surface preparation that considers sun and weather exposure to ensure a lasting legacy. 3) Have a predetermined lifespan and plan to provide regular maintenance and repair including applied coatings that aid in the prompt removal of graffiti. 4) Location a. It is appropriate to paint or mount murals on removable materials. b. It is generally inappropriate to paint a mural directly on unpainted contributing or individually listed properties. c. Painted murals on unpainted, non-contributing buildings shall be considered on a case-by- case basis. ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 26 Appendix The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring & Reconstructing Historic Buildings National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services, Preservation Briefs • Preservation Brief 1 Cleaning and Water-Repellent Treatments for Historic Masonry Buildings • Preservation Brief 2 Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry Buildings • Preservation Brief 3 Improving Energy Efficiency in Historic buildings. • Preservation Brief 6 Dangers of Abrasive Cleaning to Historic Buildings • Preservation Brief 9 The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows • Preservation Brief 10 Exterior Paint Problems on Historic Woodwork • Preservation Brief 11 Rehabilitating Historic Storefronts • Preservation Brief 14 New Exterior Additions to Historic Buildings: Preservation Concerns • Preservation Brief 16 The Use of Substitute Materials on Historic Building Exteriors • Preservation Brief 17 Architectural Character —Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving their Character • Preservation Brief 25 Preservation of Historic Signs • Preservation Brief 32 Making Historic Properties Accessible • Preservation Brief 35 Understanding Old Buildings: The Process of Architectural Investigation • Preservation Brief 38 Removing Graffiti from Historic Masonry • Preservation Brief 42 The Maintenance, Repair and Replacement of Historic Cast Stone • Preservation Brief 44 Use of Awnings on Historic Buildings: Repair, Replacement and New Design • Preservation Brief 45 Preserving Historic Wooden Porches • Preservation Brief 47 Maintaining the Exterior of Small and Medium Size Historic Buildings ---PAGE BREAK--- CITY OF KALISPELL I Design Guidelines - Downtown Historic District Overlay 27 Glossary Addition: If an addition is necessary, design it in such a way as to minimize the impact on original building materials and features. Alteration: A limited construction project for an existing building that comprises the modification or replacement of one or several existing building systems or components. Alterations are less than total building modernizations Demolition: Refers to any means to complete or partially remove an historic property, contributing property, or individually listed property within the Downtown Historic District Overlay. Integrity: The ability of a building to convey its significance. Improvement: Refers to any physical alteration of or addition to a building. Preservation: The act or process of applying measures necessary to sustain the existing form, integrity, and materials of an historic property. Work, including preliminary measures to protect and stabilize the property, generally focuses upon the ongoing maintenance and repair of historic materials, and features rather than extensive replacement and new construction. New exterior additions are not within the scope of this treatment; however, the limited and sensitive upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties functional is appropriate within a preservation project. Reconstruction: The act or process of depicting, by means of new construction, the form, features, and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object for the purpose of replicating its appearance at a specific period of time and in its historic location. Rehabilitation: The act or process of making possible a compatible use for a property through repair, alterations, and additions while preserving those portions or features which convey historic, cultural, or architectural values. Restoration: The act of process of accurately depicting the form, features, and character of a property as it appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of features from other periods in its history and reconstruction of missing features from the restoration period. The limited and sensitive upgrading of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make the property functional is appropriate within a restoration project. Renovation: The process of improving by repair, to revive. In renovation, the usefulness and appearance of the building is enhanced. The basic character and significant details of a building are respected and preserved, but some sympathetic alterations may also occur. Remodeling: The process of changing the historic design of a building. The appearance is altered by removing original details and by adding new features that are out of character with the original. The exterior remodeling of an historic structure is inappropriate due to the loss of original fabric. Ordinary Repair or Maintenance: Replacement or renewal of existing systems of a building, or of parts of the service equipment, made in the ordinary course of maintenance and that do not in any way affect health or the fire or structural safety of the building or the safe use and operation of the service equipment therein. Ordinary repair and maintenance does not include the alteration or repair of the building façade, including but not limited to, brick and masonry repair, non- abrasive and/or comprehensive cleaning of the building, stripping paint finishes, painting, and window or awning replacement. Preserve: If a feature is intact and in good condition, maintain it as such. Repair: The act of ordinary maintenance that does not include a change in the original design, material, form, or outer appearance, including repainting. Repair includes appropriate methods of stabilizing and preventing further decay and may include reconstruction or rehabilitation. Replace: If is not feasible to preserve or repair the feature, then replace it with one that is the same or similar in character size, scale, detail, color, material, finish) as original. For best results, replace only the portion which is beyond repair.