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2018 IRC Smoke Alarm and CO2 Detector Requirements R314.1 General Smoke alarms shall comply with NFPA 72 and SecƟon R314. R314.1.1 LisƟngs Smoke alarms shall be listed in accordance with UL 217. CombinaƟon smoke and carbon monoxide alarms shall be listed in accordance with UL 217 and UL 2034. R314.2 Where Required Smoke alarms shall be provided in accordance with this secƟon. R314.2.1 New ConstrucƟon Smoke alarms shall be provided in dwelling units. R314.2.2 AlteraƟons, Repairs and AddiƟons Where alterations, repairs or additions requiring a permit occur, the individual dwelling unit shall be equipped with smoke alarms located as required for new dwellings. ExcepƟons: 1. Work involving the exterior surfaces of dwellings, such as the replacement of roofing or siding, the addition or replacement of windows or doors, or the addiƟon of a porch or deck. 2. InstallaƟon, alteraƟon or repairs of plumbing or mechanical systems. R314.3 LocaƟon Smoke alarms shall be installed in the following locaƟons: 1. In each sleeping room. 2. Outside each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms. 3. On each addiƟonal story of the dwelling, including basements and habitable attics and not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level. 4. Smoke alarms shall be installed not less than 3 feet (914 mm) horizontally from the door or opening of a bathroom that contains a bathtub or shower unless this would prevent placement of a smoke alarm required by this secƟon. ---PAGE BREAK--- R314.3.1 InstallaƟon Near Cooking Appliances Smoke alarms shall not be installed in the following locaƟons unless this would prevent placement of a smoke alarm in a locaƟon required by SecƟon R314.3. 1. IonizaƟon smoke alarms shall not be installed less than 20 feet (6096 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance. 2. IonizaƟon smoke alarms with an alarm-silencing switch shall not be installed less than 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance. 3. Photoelectric smoke alarms shall not be installed less than 6 feet (1828 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance. R314.4 InterconnecƟon Where more than one smoke alarm is required to be installed within an individual dwelling unit in accordance with SecƟon R314.3, the alarm devices shall be interconnected in such a manner that the actuaƟon of one alarm will acƟvate all of the alarms in the individual dwelling unit. Physical interconnecƟon of smoke alarms shall not be required where listed wireless alarms are installed and all alarms sound upon acƟvaƟon of one alarm. R314.5 CombinaƟon Alarms CombinaƟon smoke and carbon monoxide alarms shall be permited to be used in lieu of smoke alarms. R314.6 Power Source Smoke alarms shall receive their primary power from the building wiring where such wiring is served from a commercial source and, where primary power is interrupted, shall receive power from a batery. Wiring shall be permanent and without a disconnecƟng switch other than those required for overcurrent protecƟon. ExcepƟons: 1. Smoke alarms shall be permited to be batery operated where installed in buildings without commercial power. 2. Smoke alarms installed in accordance with SecƟon R314.2.2 shall be permited to be batery powered. R314.7 Fire Alarm Systems Fire alarm systems shall be permited to be used in lieu of smoke alarms and shall comply with SecƟons R314.7.1 through R314.7.4. ---PAGE BREAK--- R314.7.1 General Fire alarm systems shall comply with the provisions of this code and the household fire warning equipment provisions of NFPA 72. Smoke detectors shall be listed in accordance with UL 268. R314.7.2 LocaƟon Smoke detectors shall be installed in the locaƟons specified in SecƟon R314.3. R314.7.3 Permanent Fixture Where a household fire alarm system is installed, it shall become a permanent fixture of the occupancy, owned by the homeowner. R314.7.4 CombinaƟon Detectors CombinaƟon smoke and carbon monoxide detectors shall be permited to be installed in fire alarm systems in lieu of smoke detectors, provided that they are listed in accordance with UL 268 and UL 2075. R315.1 General Carbon monoxide alarms shall comply with SecƟon R315. R315.1.1 LisƟngs Carbon monoxide alarms shall be listed in accordance with UL 2034. CombinaƟon carbon monoxide and smoke alarms shall be listed in accordance with UL 2034 and UL 217. R315.2 Where Required Carbon monoxide alarms shall be provided in accordance with SecƟons R315.2.1 and R315.2.2. R315.2.1 New ConstrucƟon For new construcƟon, carbon monoxide alarms shall be provided in dwelling units. (EffecƟve January 1, 2020) R315.2.2 AlteraƟons, Repairs and AddiƟons Where alterations, repairs or additions requiring a permit occur, the individual dwelling unit shall be equipped with carbon monoxide alarms located as required for new dwellings. ExcepƟons: ---PAGE BREAK--- 1. Work involving the exterior surfaces of dwellings, such as the replacement of roofing or siding, or the addiƟon or replacement of windows or doors, or the addiƟon of a porch or deck. 2. InstallaƟon, alteraƟon or repairs of plumbing or mechanical systems. R315.3 LocaƟon Carbon monoxide alarms in dwelling units shall be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms. Where a fuel-burning appliance is located within a bedroom or its atached bathroom, a carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed within the bedroom. R315.4 CombinaƟon Alarms CombinaƟon carbon monoxide and smoke alarms shall be permited to be used in lieu of carbon monoxide alarms. R315.5 InterconnecƟvity Where more than one carbon monoxide alarm is required to be installed within an individual dwelling unit in accordance with SecƟon R315.3, the alarm devices shall be interconnected in such a manner that the actuaƟon of one alarm will acƟvate all of the alarms in the individual dwelling unit. Physical interconnecƟon of carbon monoxide alarms shall not be required where listed wireless alarms are installed and all alarms sound upon acƟvaƟon of one alarm. ExcepƟon: InterconnecƟon of carbon monoxide alarms in exisƟng areas shall not be required where alterations or repairs do not result in removal of interior wall or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, unless there is an attic, crawl space or basement available that could provide access for interconnecƟon without the removal of interior finishes. R315.6 Power Source Carbon monoxide alarms shall receive their primary power from the building wiring where such wiring is served from a commercial source and, where primary power is interrupted, shall receive power from a batery. Wiring shall be permanent and without a disconnecƟng switch other than those required for overcurrent protecƟon. ExcepƟons: 1. Carbon monoxide alarms shall be permited to be batery operated where installed in buildings without commercial power. 2. Carbon monoxide alarms installed in accordance with SecƟon R315.2.2 shall be permited to be batery powered. ---PAGE BREAK--- R315.7 Carbon Monoxide DetecƟon Systems Carbon monoxide detecƟon systems shall be permited to be used in lieu of carbon monoxide alarms and shall comply with SecƟons R315.7.1 through R315.7.4. R315.7.1 General Household carbon monoxide detecƟon systems shall comply with NFPA 720. Carbon monoxide detectors shall be listed in accordance with UL 2075. R315.7.2 LocaƟon Carbon monoxide detectors shall be installed in the locaƟons specified in SecƟon R315.3. These locaƟons supersede the locaƟons specified in NFPA 720. R315.7.3 Permanent Fixture Where a household carbon monoxide detecƟon system is installed, it shall become a permanent fixture of the occupancy and owned by the homeowner. R315.7.4 CombinaƟon Detectors CombinaƟon carbon monoxide and smoke detectors installed in carbon monoxide detecƟon systems in lieu of carbon monoxide detectors shall be listed in accordance with UL 2075 and UL 268.